ciiAi'. xii.] THE ORIENTAL REGKJX. 345 



The Zoological Relations of the Several Islands of the Indo-Malay 



Si/h-rcgiou. 



Although "\ve have grouped the Philippine islands with the 

 Indo-Malay sul)-rogion, to which, as we shall see, they iin- 

 doiihtedly belong, yet most of the zoological characteristics wc 

 have just sketched out, ap|)ly more especially to the other groups 

 of islands and the IMalay peninsula. The rhilipyiine islands 

 stand, to IMalaya proper, in the same relation that jNladagascar 

 does to Africa or the Antilles to South America ; that is, they 

 are remarkable for the absence of whole families and genera 

 wdiich everywhere characterise the remainder of the district. 

 They are, in fact, truly insular, while the other islands are really 

 continental in all the essential features of their natural history. 

 Before, therefore, we can conveniently co}npare the separate 

 islands of Malaya^ with each other, we must first deal with the 

 Philippine group, showing in what its speciality consists, and 

 why it must be considered apart from the sub-region to which 

 it belongs. 



Mammals of the Philijiinne Islands. — The only mammalia re- 

 corded as inhabiting the Philippine Islands are the following : — 



QuADRUJiANA. 1. Jlacaciis cynoiiiolii-us. 



2. Cyuopithecus niger. Dr. Semper douLts this being 

 a Pliilippine species. 

 Lemuroidea. 3. Tarsins spectrmn. 

 Insectivora. 4. Galeopithecus philippinensi.s. 



5. Tupaia (species). On Dr. Semper's authority. 



Carnivora. G. Viverra tangahmga. 



7. Paradoxurus philippeusis. 

 U>'gulata. 8. Sus (species). On Dr. Semper's authority. 



9, Cervus inariannus. 



10. Cervus philippensis. 



11. Cervus alfredi. 



V2. Bos (species). _ Wild cattle ; perhaps intro- 



duced. 

 Eodentia. 13. PhLneomys cunmiingii. 



14. Scuirus philippinensis. 

 Also 24 species, belonging to 17 genera, of bats. 



^ As so many typical Malay groups are absent onlj'^ from the Philippines, I 

 have adopted the term " Malaya," to show the distribution of these, using 

 the term " Indo-Malaya" Mhen the range of the group includes the 

 Philippines. This nuist be remembered when consulting the tables of dis- 

 tribution at the end of this chapter. 



