58 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [ JANUARY 
second, described as //yfostomum Flichianum, occurs on the leaves of spe- 
cies of Pinus. According to the author, the fructification of both these forms 
originates below the stomata from a structure, compared by him to the 
ascogonium of the Ascomycetes, that divides into “fertile cells,” giving rise 
in Meria to filaments which produce externally continuous spores borne 
laterally on short septate ultimate branchlets or directly from the fertile 
cells. In Hypostomum, on the other hand, the ascogonium-like organ, which 
is furnished with a “tube ventilateur”’ or “ trichogyne,”’ gives rise to a spo- 
riferous body so similar to that of a Fusarium that the author proposes the 
name Fusarium Flichianum for the use of such skeptics as may prefer this 
generic designation to Hypostomum. The plants described are considered 
to afford a link by means of which the Ustilaginez, Uredinez, and Asco- 
mycetes are brought into close association. A considerable portion of the 
paper is devoted to these comparisons, and although one might be inclined to 
admit that *‘L’affinité de ce Champignon (Meria) avec les Ascomycetes est 
aussi solidement fondée que son affinité avec les Ustilaginées,” the general 
conclusions reached would seem to need further corroboration. The text is 
accompanied by two plates, which suggest that the forms in question may 
prove to belong to the * Fungi Imperfecti.” In connection with his account 
of the two species mentioned the author also describes a new species of 
Hendersonia, /7. montana, on leaves of Pinus montana — D. R. 
THE RECENT CONTRIBUTIONS of H.C. Schellenberg to the knowledge 
of the structure and function of stomata form an important addition to the 
literature of that subject. After an historical résumé of the subject and a 
statement of the varying anatomical conditions, the author first undertakes to 
demonstrate, in support of Schwendener, that the guard cells effect the 
closure of stomata independently of the Vebenze//en, to whose influence in 
this movement he assigns very secondary importance. Several cases are 
cited. in which osmotic pressure, the stomata being closed, is greater in the 
guard cells than in the Vedenzed/en, and this condition, it is argued, could not 
obtain if, as Leitgeb asserts, the latter play the chief réle in the closure 
F eset, ioe Plants deprived of carbon dioxide were found to have closed 
stomata, when check plants, other conditions being the same, had stomata 
open, affording further evidence in support of Schwendener that turgor 
change in guard cells, and control of stomata thereby, is effected by assimi- 
lation. Closed stomata, separated from possible influence of Nebenze/len, 
were opened by turgor artificially induced in guard cells, and reclosed upon 
exposure to darkness. Measurements of the volume changes of the guard . 
cells show them to be ,4— larger when stomata are open than when — 
closed. Stomata in all cases observed were found closed at night, evidence _ 
ee, * Beitrage sr Kenntnias vou Bau und ‘Function der A Ree Bot. me 
54° wile 1896. : 
