232 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [MARCH 
for physiologists and pathologists, to stimulate whose best endeavor numerous 
special awards are to be made, in addition to the usual medals of honor. 
For this purpose the government has —— 20,000 francs. In the field of 
botany the following prizes may be note 
Desideratum. Series no, 222 Researches leading to the solution of one 
or other of the following ‘eusdlene: (1) To give a method of isolating a 
bacterial toxin in a state of complete purity so as to determine its chemical 
formula, etc. (2) To indicate a practical process for the preparation of anti- 
toxins im vitro, by the electric current or any other physical or chemical 
agent applied to bacterial cultures. (3) To present a process permitting the 
extraction from antitoxic serums, the products of secretion, or liquids 
possessing the same properties, the body or bodies to which they owe their 
activity. (4) To investigate whether an antistreptococcic serum obtained 
from a single variety of streptococcus is efficacious against all the varieties 
of streptococcus pathogenic for man, or whether it is active against a certain 
number of these varieties. (5) Does the anti-diphtheritic serum possess, 
besides its antitoxic power (2. ¢., of neutralizing the toxin), a power over the 
leucocytes, in virtue of which it stimulates them to destroy the bacilli of 
diphtheria? Is the measure of one power that of the other also? Prize 900 
francs, to be divided into two. 
Desideratum. Series no. 224. New researches tending to the solution 
of one of the two following questions: (1) A method of preserving for col- 
lections the bacterial cultures on solid media with their characters. (2) A 
process for the preservation of specimens of perishable plants for exhibition 
in museums. The objects must retain their natural aspect and colors, and 
the process must not be costly. Specimens are to be presented in proof. 
Prize 600 francs, to be divided if occasion requires. 
Desideratum. Series no. 225. New researches on the organs of living 
beings by means of an apparatus using the X-rays. Prize 1000 francs. 
Concours. Series no, 2g0o. (B) The construction of a solid clinostat, not 
to exceed in price 500 francs, permitting the rotation on an axis in any direc- 
tion of a potted plant having a maximum weight of six kilos, or of several 
plants whose oat maximum weEne | is the same. (C) Exhibit an apparatus 
oe egoiteanian de for tk a number of auditors of the process of 
nainre 
gears ‘Series no. S75. | @) To To present a good manual of the. 
g the diseas Prize 300 francs. — 
> Academy y of Science of St. Louis on phe evening 
5 = Se teres a 
i 
SSR Se ee a nae el eh ince aah ab ena Ae Lae nasa aie an agin 
s; and with h the manual 2 collection o . 
