ss Two of the ‘antipodals soon show signs of breaking down, but the upper 
74 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [JANUARY 
HaTTor1* ided another to th tributions on the toxicity — 
of copper. Seedlings of several conifers growing in pots endured much more 
copper than branches in aqueous solutions. Moist air, by decreasing the 
transpiration, enabled plants to endure a greater concentration in the water— 
according to very meager experiments. The copper in water distilled from 
copper vessels was found sufficient to kill roots. The growth of Aspergillus 
and Penicillium was stimulated by dilute copper; in the case of Aspergillus 
this did not interfere with the formation of conidia. In all cases the concen- 
tration of copper is given in the extremely inconvenient form of a per cent 
of CuSO,+5H,0.—E. B. CopELAND. 
BENECKE® has reinvestigated Cakile and Salicornia in order to test the 
quantities of NaCl in their metabolic activities. Diels observed gradual 
decrements of salt in distilled water cultures, especially in Cakile, and 
Supposed that sodium malate, or some such substance, was formed, sett 
free the chlorine. Benecke thinks that Diels failed to account for the increas 
of other substances, especially water, in his plants, and that consequently i 
percentage comparisons were wrong. The present author uses simila 
methods, and concludes that the chlorine content suffers no decrease in dis 
tilled water cultures. Apparent decrease may be due to increase of wateh 
_ as noted above, and also to variations in chlorine content in leaves of differ 
ee ent ee the old leaves ela aad poor in NaCl.— 
mong does not not develo op. The fertilized egg immediately ¢ div 
Sue showing | the fertilized endosperm nucleus in the spirem stage, 
embryo is two-celled. In all previously described cases of double fe 
_ Bon the endosperm nucleus invariably divides before the fertili 
shows any signs of division. In many instances two embryos were 
side by side, with the unfertilized endosperm nucleus lying betwee? 
Se sin iiber die Einwirkung des Kupfersulfats auf einige Pflanzen. Jour 
Se. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 15: 371-394. Igor. 
- Jahrb. fiir wiss, Bot. 36: 179-196. 1901. 
oo me nie sGibveta eee le Naias major. Jour. de Bot. 15: 1-9. fi 
