242 BOTANICAL GAZETTE — 
time, beginning again, with the increased respiration, upon the poets 
nutriment. A sudden increase in the concenttation of the surrounding 
. medium decreases the respiration, and vice versa. Severe mechanical injury 
accelerates respiration, as shown much better by Richards for phanerogams 
Respiration is accelerated by the presence of zinc, iron, and manganese — 
cocaine, strychnine, and sufficiently dilute ether. The variation in the results 
(CO, evolved) from hour to hour is so excessive in many of the tables that : 
the conclusions should be called seriously in besic’ they would be found = 
supported here by very weak evidence.— E. B, COPELAND. : 
IKENO describes ° conditions of spore formation in Taphrina ee a 
gest the need of further studies of this type and other members of the Exoas 
ceae. Two nuclei, present in the young ascus, unite to forma large nucless 
characterized by a conspicuous nuclelous. The latter appears to be chromatic | 
in character. The nuclear membrane shortly disappears and the chro 
body proceeds to fragment. Ikeno found no mitotic phenomena. The che 
matin globules simply split up until a number are present in the ¢ 
These small chromatin bodies then gather in groups ina common vacuole 
_ Each body takes to it a certain amount of cytoplasm and a membrane formed : 
_ around the whole completes a spore. The spores later multiply greatly 
budding. It should be noted that Ikeno has failed to find here the process 
of spore formation described by Harper in the ascus, nor is there ye 
progressive cleavage characteristic of the Phycomycetes.— B. ) mM. Davis. 
Part of the recent literature on the physiology of rep! 
_ marized by Klebs* and utilized as the basis of an estimate of 
_ ising lines of work for the immediate future. The influence 
_ Spiration, and various foods on the initiation of the reproductive : 
shave” so far been found reasonably constant. But to justify ge 
esi is oii need of a physiological study of reproduction 
- hanerogams. Conditions which do not direct 
2 initiation of Pe reproductive processes may ee pene 
quent course. Growth and reproduction are in in 
cs oer under favorable conditions, demands all ae pes 
f reproduction (a question of minor importan rtance 
esa — and xenia. The possi is point 
» Kiess, Gr Einige "ep der aes Ph 
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