Organ for the direct excretion of water.” But they do not seem 
308 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [APRIL 
water acts on as various tissues to form these floats as are hypertrophied 
by it in oedemata. 
I have not intended to cite any large part of the literature on this 
subject. For a fuller review of it Sorauer’s Pathology and the work of 
Atkinson, Goebel, and Schenk referred to here should be consulted. 
The cases cited here are sufficient to show that excessive moisture pro- 
duces on various parts of a great many plants structures essentially 
similar to those it causes on the leaf of Conocephalus. 
A long list of cases similar to this is contained in a more recent 
paper by Sorauer," in which he comes to the same conclusion with 
regard to Conocephalus that I have reached independently. Another 
very recent piece of work is by Miss Dale,” who finds that if other 
conditions are suitable moisture stimulates the formation of “hyper 
trophied outgrowths of epidermal cells, beginning at a stoma ;” some 
times the underlying cells are also influenced. Her description and 
figure would fit almost perfectly for the raised stoma at the base of the 
hypocotol of Lupinus (Bor. Gaz. 31: 413). From the fact that the 
same conditions of moisture which determine their development # 
the base of the hypocotyl (where the environment is normally very 
moist, or the seed would not germinate) do not give rise to them else 
where on Lupinus, it seems likely that they are a product 
have been observed to excrete it. From her res 
: and Ipomoea, she suggests that the ‘‘ Wasserblasen 
_ Subject occurred on the nether surface of the leaf because Mit © a. 
are there— Epwin BincHam Cope.anp, Aui// Botanical aut ee 
Chicago. . c ae 
VA ame P., Ueber Intumescenzen. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. @ ree ae 
I : - 
eee ‘or intames: 
_ “Date, Evizasetu, Investigations on the abnormal outgrowths ee ™ 
i : don. Bot. 194° me 
the stomata 
a cences on Hibiscus vitifolius L. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lon 
___ 1901; also a note in Bot. Centralb. 85 : 372-375. 1901. 
