396 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [May 
Webber still believes that the blepharoplast is not the homologue of the 
centrosphere or centrosome because it differs from the centrosome (1) in not 
forming the center of an aster at the pole of the spindle, being located 
entirely outside of the spindle in Zamia, Cycas, and Gingko; (2) in having 
ho connection with spindle formation ; (3) in being limited to the division of 
a single cell, thus to one cell generation, no similar organ appearing in any 
other stage of the plant’s development, so far as known; and (4) in having a 
function differing from that of any typical centrosome, so far as known in 
plants.” — CHARLES J. CHAMBERLAIN, 
THE TRANSMUTATION THEORY of Darwin does not, rding to Korschin- 
sky, explain how variations come about nor the origin of new forms. As@ 
study of the wild forms alone could not solve the problem, he turned to the 
cultivated plants for a solution, and asserts for the latter that “no breeder 
has ever operated with individual variations for the production of new races, 
and that there has never been observed a heaping up of such variations. 
On the other hand, all new varieties (with the exception of crosses) whose origin 
is known developed as sudden variations of true species or hybrid forms.” — 
May not these sudden variations play the same réle in nature, and may net 
_ this be an explanation of the discrepancies between the nature and Leet 
rence of variations and the Darwinian theory? 
followed by another in which its réle 1 in the — of | 
ce “he history oF the 1 term “heterogenesis”’ is traced to : 
apnation given, whereupon many cases of sudden variat coe 
‘up and discussed. The sources are mainly French. He sums" 
that there appears suddenly a new race as fixed and as ‘constant = 
- existing” from. immemorial time. Some persons have exp! 
Cases of atavism, others as monstrosities; but Korschinsk 
e1 esis often chased . possible for atavism to show self 
shows itself 
of different variations fro the typical str 
ement of organs is an accompaniment of some, ant 
other variations, however, do not disturb case 
SCHINSKY, Ss. Heterogenesis und Evolution. Ein Be 
Arten. Translated ose the Russian Ba facts 
