404 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [JUNE 
3-archic central cylinder and a thin-walled endodermis; both 
endodermis and hypodermis are without foldings. The roots 
are purely nutritive. 
LitiuM PARDALINUM Kellogg. 
In the gulches round Mount Tamalpais, where Leium par- 
dalinum grows in moist, shady places, I found the seedlings in 
an advanced state, but still connected with the seed, in the 
middle of April. The cotyledon, 5™™ long, remains under- 
ground, and its tip does not abandon the seed. Immediately 
after germination, however, a foliage leaf 4°™ high is formed. 
The primary root is 0.5™™ in diameter, furnished with hairs. 
Its central cylinder is 2-archic, the endodermis cells slightly 
thickened. The cortex is thin, and no signs of contraction are 
__ ~present. : 
: The shoot develops into a bulb, the axis of which takes up @ 
horizontal direction. The young plant produces every year but 
one foliage leaf and one to four fleshy scales; also the fleshy 
_ base of the foliage leaf, after withering of the blade, remains | 
alive, functioning like a bulb-scale. In such specimens the bulb — | 
axis is about 3™" long, and comprises but one year’s product. 
i It produces in the first periods two to four, later four to eight 
‘roots, originating exclusively from the lower side. Most 0 
these roots - are whan at the base to ae apes 
to an extent of 1 10 or Vs é 
. from one point and grow pinaat vertically downwards, sf 
aw y only by their ends, and as the bulb in the young oo 
is = narrow, se — is buried — in _— 
LT “- enh. - 
\t che me when the first aerial stem is bro : 
Bor ful grown ; jadividnals the anntat : 
3 to. to — ", and as a rule is horizontall directe 
