1902] ORGANS OF SOME CALIFORNIAN LILIACEAE _ 419 
he same kind and differ but slightly; whereas in Chlorogalum, 
chortus, and Brodiaea there takes place a division of labor 
between nutritive and contractile roots, accompanied by a strik- 
ing difference in form. 
‘Finally, considering the age the roots may attain, we see 
: tat it amounts to many years in Clintonia, Prosartes, Scoliopus, 
td Trillium, and to a few months only in Fritillaria, Zygadenus, 
Oilorogalum, Calochortus, and Brodiaea. Contractility i is found 
tot only in long. lived roots, but also, and in a very high degree, 
it short-lived ones. Long-lived roots assume also the function 
of storing reserve material; they may be contractile (Scoliopus, 
ium) or not (Clintonia. Prosartes). In those species which 
a certain time of the year are rootless the roots never 
be used as storing organs. 
RANCISCO, CAL. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIV. | oe : 
figures are drawn from nature, and where not otherwise indicated =~ 
‘Size. The horizontal dotted lines indicate the surface of the 
the figures are in the natural position and distance with regard to 
Scoliopus Bigelovit. 
Seedling 5, seed; c, cotyledon; 7, root. aa 
alf-grown, descending specimen, at the ead of  jooee rr i. 
” fully developed roots of former year; 7%, new developing ee 
em, oe 
Zygadenus Fremonit. ce 
3 Seedling : 5, seed ; c, cotyledon ; /, leaf; 7, primary oe pee 
Aalf-grown, descending specimen, in February: 4, sae sw 
of the present year; -*, remnants of roots of the co “ 
End adorns bac the basal portion of a contac root ; angen oe 
ay 200 
