GRAAL. MANUAL. 
CLIMATE, SOIL AND ASPECTS. 
Whether the Grape-vine is a native of Asia, 
and has followed the footsteps of man from the 
shores of the Caspian Sea, and ‘‘ intertwined its 
tendrils with civilization and refinement in 
every age,’”’ or whether the hundreds of varie- 
ties that now exist spring from different pri- 
mordial forms or species, certain it is that, al- 
though the Grape-vine may be found in Europe 
from the Tropic of Cancer to the Baltic Sea, and 
in America from the Gulf to the Lakes, the vine 
is nevertheless peculiarly the growth of defi- 
nite climatic conditions; so much so that even 
in its most adapted climate there are often 
seasons if not of actual failure, at least of an 
imperfect development of its fruit. From long 
and careful observations of temperature and 
mi 
sions respecting the meteorological influences 
affecting the grape. 
Ist. No matter how excellent the soil, if | 
pyc is a less average than fifty-five degrees 
> at nd June, and a less average than sixty- 
five degrees for the maturing months of July, 
August and September, there can be no hope 
of success ; and where the temperature aver- 
ages sixty-five degrees for the former months 
and seventy-five for the latter, other conditions 
pers: equal, fruit of the greatest excellence 
, and wine of the greatest y 
ea finest quality can be produced. 
2d. When there is an average rainfall of six 
inches forthe months of April, May and June, 
and an average of 5 inches eg the months of 
Jaly, - hough ather cal 
ditions were favorable, we cannot succeed in 
- raising grapes. When the average rainfall for 
the first months is not more than four inches, 
and the average for the latter is not more than 
three inches, other conditions favorable, the 
- hace varieties. can be cultivated with suc- 
cess. But where there i is less” average rainfall 
* James S. Lippincott : a ob -Auaariean 
*  Grapes.—. — aotenth & ome ke x 
me ats se ad roth —— fhe Metcoroiogieal pia | 
sa with our peo and hea 
facilitie $2. a # Sao on , 
large seale cannot or 
than five inches for April, May and June, and 
orable, fruit of the best quality can be raised, 
and wine of the greatest body and excellence 
can bemade. The humidity of the atmosphere 
in some countries, the dryness of the 
others, will, of course, materially change the 
proportion of rainfall required for, or injurious 
to the grape. Here, a clear sky and dry at-. 
mosphere, high temperature and very little 
rainfall for the latter three months, and a 
less change of temperature than 50 degrees 
in twenty-four hours, any time of the year, are 
favorable conditions for success. 
. Department of Agriculture), ‘It is 
dnsark to remark, that where these are favor- 
too, even in the absence 
vation ; but in unfavorable locations the ap- 
plieation of the highest attainments in the art 
and science of grape culture, so far as relates to 
pruning manipulations or cultureand manage- © 
ment of soil, will not insure success. Grape 
plant, 
conditions, the most important being that of 
freedom from heavy dews (freedom from th 
7 s ] 
t be remunerati 
favorable localities: which | will produce ! 
