/ era,as a stock to graft 
_ should live it will thrive but poorly, cues 
deed it variety 
Grafting. 
GRAPE MANUAL. 
Grafting. 83 
the single Department of Herault alone fur- 
nished not less than twenty millions of plants 
_ and cuttings of Riparia, all to be grafted with 
the European grape. 
The results obtained by grafting the V. Vini- 
Jera on American roots have generally been 
found so satisfactory, not only as the means of 
resisting the Phylloxera, but also as imparting 
American stocks would probably be continued 
even if the dreaded Phylloxera were to sud- 
denly and entirely disappear. Unfortunately, 
the very reverse, the increase and spread of the 
insect, is far more probable; and the sooner 
those grape-growers of southern Europe whose 
territory is not yet infested by this scourge 
reconcile themselves to the idea of reconstruct— 
ing their precious but doomed vineyards by 
the means of grafting on American Phylloxera- 
resisting stocks, the better it will be for them. 
hope our American readers will excuse 
these rather lengthy remarks about ‘‘ grafting 
in Europe’’; but some of them, especially our 
friends in California, where the European grape 
forms the main basis of grape culture, may find 
them of some practical interest. 
The question of grafting the grape-vine has 
many other points of interest for us, aside from 
the object of placing a variety which is subject 
to the Phylloxera beyond the pernicious influ- 
ence of this insect. Thus another object for 
which grafting is very desirable is the early 
testing of new varieties. By i a vig- 
orously bearing vine we will generally obtain 
ng wood, and sometimes even fruit, at 
the first season. We are also enabled, by graft- 
ing, toturn old vigorous vines of perhaps some 
worthless variety to good account, as with a 
little trouble and care and the loss of only one 
year we can change them into some choice and 
valuable variety. Before we enter into the de- 
tails of the modus operandi of grafting, we will 
first speak of the conditions generally consid- 
ered essential to the successful performance of 
the operation. 
Pirst. THE Srock. Judging from our own 
eannot side with those who 
the stock and scion 
should belong to the same class in order to in- 
Sure perfect success. 
A point which is of far more importance is 
it belongs to some very vigorous 
face, to formits own roots; these will then sup- 
port it entirely, and it will soon dissolve its 
union with the unhealthy stock. Buteven in 
this case it will require years to overcome the 
effects of the uncongenial partnership. If the 
object in grafting is to guard a variety subject 
to the Phylloxera against the ravages of this 
insect, we should select for thestock a vine of a 
strong and vigorous variety, which possesses 
recognized powers of resistance to the insect. 
The graft should then be inserted as near the 
surface of the ground as possible, and, where 
practicable, even above it. Some have asserted 
that the stock and scion should be of varieties 
invariably prefer to graft a weak grower ona 
strong one. 
. Second. THE Scion. This should come from 
a healthy and short-jointed cane of last sum- 
lead pencil is the 
thickness that we prefer). It should be eut 
from the vine before very hard-freezing weath- 
er, and kept in a cool cellar, either in damp 
moss, sand, or sawdust, or buried in the ground. 
the grafting is to be performed Jate in 
spring, the scion may be kept dormant in an 
ice-house. 
Third. “WHEN TO GRAFT. The best time, as 
far as days and months are concerned, varies, 
of course, with the locality and latitude; but, 
as a rule, we would state that the vine cannot 
be grafted with good success, either while the 
sap is running so y as to cause the vine 
when cut to bleed heavily, as itis termed, nor 
yet (except by the process 
rally 
bloom, and lasts until after the fall of the ner 
This reduces the time for successful to 
two periods, the first onelying between the fall 
of the leaf and the rising of count cireulation 
in the sit and the second on : 
after this exceedingly strong ace of sap - 
abated and lasting until the full —— 
of the first young growth. — : 
; 33 & ve re 
£2: a f a Se 
neem tne i .“ be as 
and practicall, 
the first ak In fact, the Inte Dr. .P. Wo es 
lie, of gegen S. C., considered the fallox 
latitu 
pe — deeply enough | below yw the sur | ing th 
