GRAPE MANDAL. 
Training. 41 
are not durable, and the posts must then be 
put in much closer. Another mode of makin 
wire trellis (the Fuller plan) is with horizontal 
bars and perpendicular wires, as shown in a 
following illustration (Fig, 63). Posts of good, 
hard, durable wood, 3 inches in diameter and 
2 
et se om oe 
a 
Fig. 63. bor 
63 to 7 feet long, are placed between the vines, 
at equal distance from h vine, and in a line 
with them, 2 feet deep in the ground. When’ 
the posts are set, nail on strips about 2} inches’ 
placed one. foot from the ground, and the other 
at the top of the posts. Then take No. 16 gal- 
vanized iron wire and put it on perpendicu- 
larly, twisting it around the lower and upper 
bar, at a distance of about 12 inches apart. 
Galvanized wire is preferable, and as a pound 
of No. 16 wire gives 102 feet, the additional ex- 
pense is but very small. This trellis will prob- 
ably cost less than one with horizontal wires, 
and is preferred bysome. Practical experience, 
however, speaks in favor of horizontal wires, 
and a method with only two horizontal wires, 
the lower about 3 feet high and the upper 
then 
Saye West. A good many 
growers train their 
vines to stakes, believing 
it to be cheaper; and the 
costly plan: 
This method has also 
the great advan of al- 
+ plow and cross-plow the 
ground in all directions, 
around the vines. ged 
” Jeaving but little to hoe 
this ¥ 
mode is apt to crowd foliage and fruit too 
much; others therefore use two, and, where 
timber is plenty, even three stakes, placed 
around each vine, about ten inches from it, 
until they reach the top. 
of training on stakes is, that these soon 
rot in the ground, and must be almost annu- 
ally taken out, repointed and driven into the 
soil, consequently require more labor, and are 
not as durable as trellis, unless cedar poles, 
or other very durable timber is 
simnie f the 
tem (as shown in Fig. 65) is also highly recom- 
mendable, requiring but one wire for the bear- 
WW. 
ing canes and much lighter stakes, which need 
Fg» A ~H — > fx 
. 4 q 
not 
hara 
Wiiwiw sty 
wire is used to hold t] them, and will consequent- 
ly last longer; but this method does not afford 
the advantage of pic achetak ing. 
To secure this advantage and af the same 
time to give'to our pies growers more space 
and the benefits of high training, we made a 
kind of ‘‘ Arbor Trellis” in one of our vine: 
(Fig. 66), the construction of which is more ex- 
pensive on account of the necessary high posts — 
(of which the end-posts only need be quite 
strong) and of the wire; 5 but the productiveness 
and probable exemption from di is also 
greater in proportion. By this method the 
and 
summer-pruning and tying i is almost entirely 
dispensed ed with. =e frait-gathoring ms, sand 
ever, , 
gorous yi should be thus trained. 
shown in Fig. oe ban ntti Fe i 
our §' growers 
