*\ 
-48 Mildew. BUSHBERG CATALOGUE. Rot. 
over 200 kinds of fungi which live on the differ- | and may possibly have run its co ust as other epi- 
‘oak parts of Moses but fortunately only afew of them | demics are apt to ra It is unkno own where it origi- 
really inj . the mildewof | nally came from; some suppose that it originated in 
the leaves and the black rot of the berries. In E America, but it has never appeared h ere in the form 
urope 
our mildew, which has lately been introduced, 
‘they have the Oidium and the i Sane 
e Mildew, Peronospora viticol ears in frost- 
dike white spots on the under oes ne leaves, hairy as 
‘well as glabrous ones, and may generally be observed 
‘here in Missouri from the beginning of June, fostered 
Dy fe sultry on Pt beg wet weather, usual at that 
come on sugges 
in summer eat in ee fall. Thou 
‘the leaves, it sometimes also infests Sa caeeorenge of tthe 
leaves, the stems of the Pomciaty and the very young 
erties. But, even if it does not attack the latter, the 
-effect on the leaves sions, ‘which turn bro own in spots 
stroys the fruit, the berries shrivellin base, 
brown with ing off. This is h 
sometimes termed ‘“‘ —" 
The fungus at first pervades the cellular gas ofthe 
leaf; then, a few days later, the minute fun ms 
‘protrude ugh the stomats (breathing area of the 
lower surface, forming little upright branching plant- 
Jets, which might be compared to a miniature spruce 
, Singly not visible to the naked eye; at the end of 
the branchlets they bear the summer spores (conidia), 
which mature, are disc. , Spread by wind or other- 
wise, and, when moistened, germinate with astonishi 
resting spores (oospores) in the interior 
oft the leaf-tissues, and, while the others propagate the 
p alive through winter and insure its 
in the following summer. Thus it is seen that the iden 
red leaves, containing the resting spores, really 
do for the next season’s mildew. 
oo ia Eu Burope—like the Phylloxera, accidentally intro- 
cops algpaarage tapmmmanyprsaty threai 
ito oe 
: - words about this Oidium may be in place 
here. This is a mildew-like fungus which appears on 
— upper surface of ae 
under which it is known in Euro 
still questio 
mycologists; at all events we have thus far only one 
destructive form * mildew here, the Perono onoepar ss. 
4h, 
swicolss. On the cries, but never 
wn, in July or August, very rarely on 
halfgrown berries in es a “light brown spot with a 
darker sented point is observed on the side and not 
near the stem; sea eget spreads, and darker, shining 
nodules or pustul 
eye, begin nea. above the'epidermis ; 3; at 
whole berry shrivels up, turns bluish-black, the pus 
_ tule 
cilaginous coating. In this condition the spores are 
inert, but rain will dissolve the mucilage and liberate 
and wash down the spores, or they will fall to the 
ground with the dead berries. What then becomes of 
— igwaaeds in Germany Br sot in in France Ant seat 
‘baie: which by some authorities has been supposed 
to be another form of development of our Black Rot, : 
his 
above described; this, how 
The former attacks all the green 
, leaves, young ee or green berries, and forms 
open wounds which mi 
while our Phoma is iesisteand 01 
green 2 —— breaking up the tissues. - >a 
ing ulce! 
in in Europe szeady known it in the last naheny. mae 
Had we known gas Mise ph adresse vor eagme 
above article on 
great an per trtnae gy sept 
omitted some of the following lines, previousl sly written 
by oursel 
This circumstance and the importance of the 
logue. 
nat ae seem a repetition; and 
will stand as the description of 
bem eatin by the scholar, the following may 
the practical grape-growers’ 
not be unwelcome as 
views. 
we have of late, also, 
France, 
- Unfortunately also, the Sphaceloma 
ue eee How or whence iteame, we do not 
S observed the — 
Ss, plainly visible with the naked” 
