56 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [januaky 



assumes 



gous organs 



structures 



the monstrous cones, made up of the fertile scales and the shoots 



nature of the fertile scale. 38 



intermediate 

 sufficiently 1 



From the numerous clear and detailed drawings of the abnormal 

 cones which have been published, 39 certain truths are apparent 



enough. 



form 



formations 



day vegetative and reproductive parts, is to be found in the cones. 

 No ancient structure, nor anything suggesting ancestral structures, 

 nor any organ of paleobotanical aspect, makes its reappearance out 

 of the past; there is no reversion. If the shoot in the axil of the 



that 



truly 



But the shoot turns out always to be an ordinary leafy branch with 

 the reduced foliage representing the xerophytic adaptation of the 



formal 



descriptive sense; for if the fertile scale represents a shoot, now 



uments 



two sporophylls, and if the original development of axis and sporo- 

 phylls is to be restored, we ought to have in the restoration an axis 

 terminated by sporophylls or by ovules as representing them, since 



terminal 



j 



but this development is not realized in the abnormal cones, in which 

 we find that the shoot arises sometimes above or below the scale, and 

 when in the midst of it, then in the form, not of a stalk, but of a 

 proliferation, upon which the parts of the fertile scale become basal 



appendages 



transformations 



_ o all 



And therefore 



wr 



Gesell. Wiss ; VI. , XSl88a . V II. 4:1892; Enoler's Bot. Jahrb. 24:202. 189& 

 More accessible may be Worsdell's review (Annals of Botanv 14:39- *9°°)> 0I 

 that of Coulter and Cham*™ a™ in , .. 



*u n * cr^ . ""^"^^a review (Annals ot Hotan< 



that of Coulter and Chamberlain (Gymnosperms 6o- 77 . loot).' 



Sci 



ARLATORE 



Velenovsky, Flora fizfi, t 'i. 1888. 



