NO. 4 AVIAN GENUS CLAMATOR — FRIEDMANN 89 



present throughout the year in Gambia, but the local population is 

 increased by migrants in June. 



Insofar as it is possible to summarize all these data, we may say 

 that the species is clearly seasonal in Africa south of the Zambezi 

 River; occurs throughout the year in equatorial Africa, where, how- 

 ever, its numbers are swelled during the southern winter months, 

 and where it appears to comprise several populations, each with its 

 own movements. It has not yet been ascertained to breed north of 

 Ethiopia, the Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, Ghana, and Liberia, 

 but probably does so. Inasmuch as it is not possible to separate, 

 taxonomically, any geographic forms of this cuckoo and inasmuch as 

 the known breeding records show a general, although spotty, distri- 

 bution, it follows that the picture is somewhat like that in C. jacobinus, 

 but wholly contained within the African continent. 



The species seems to be scarcer now than formerly in the south- 

 eastern portion of its range. Thus, in the late years of the 19th cen- 

 tury the Woodwards (1899) found it at the Umfolozi River, in 

 Zululand, while today Clancey {in litt.) informs me that he has never 

 met with it in Natal and considers it a very rare bird in the southern 

 portion of its range. I also never encountered it in Natal, but only 

 in the northern Transvaal (at Moorddrift, in December), where it 

 was breeding. Even where it is common it is usually less numerous 

 than the jacobin, although there is local variation in its numbers. In 

 the Ashanti forest and the northern sections of Ghana, Lowe (1937, 

 p. 635) reported it as abundant and present everywhere in the grass 

 savannahs and in the open clearings in the forest. 



Clamator coromandus 



This is the one species of the genus that may have no nonmigratory 

 populations or individuals, but available information is insufficient 

 to establish this. The species ranges over an area where there never 

 have been many resident observers and, as a result, our present data 

 depend largely on specimens collected and deposited in museums. I 

 have examined a large number of documented specimens of this 

 cuckoo, and these, together with what has been published, yield the 

 following picture. The species is known to breed in the Himalayan 

 foothills from Garhwal and Nepal east to Assam at elevations of 

 from about 2,000 to 8,500 feet, and in Burma at elevations of from 

 1,500 to 6,000 feet; north to southeastern China (Kwangsi, Kwang- 

 tung, Kiangsi, Fukien, Chekiang, and Hupeh Provinces ; possibly 



