BIGELOW: EXPLORATIONS OF THE COAST WATERS. 1()5 



across the continental shelf to the edge of the Gulf Stream; making 

 two successful sets of the long trawl for Tile fish, in 80 and lOo fathoms. 

 The catch at the latter was nineteen fish, with an aggregate weight 

 of about 350 pounds. On August 28th the Grampus returned to 

 Gloucester. 



From May to October, 1915, the Grampus was employed in an inves- 

 tigation of the Herring in the Gulf of Maine, and with oceanographic 

 cruises (Plate 2). Between May 4th and 14th lines were run from 

 Gloucester across the Gulf to German Bank and Yarmouth, Nova 

 Scotia; thence to Mount Desert Island; and along shore back to 

 Gloucester. During the last half of June we made sections from 

 Boothbay, Maine to Cape Sable; Shelburne, Nova Scotia, to the con- 

 tinental slope; thence via Brown's Bank, the Eastern Channel, and 

 the southern half of the Gulf of Maine, to Gloucester. 



On August 31st the Grampus once more sailed from Gloucester to 

 Cape Sable and Shelburne; thence, after making two stations off 

 Shelburne, to Eastport, Maine. In October two sections were run 

 across the mouth of Massachusetts Bay; and a partial one from Woods 

 Hole, south across the continental shelf. Besides these oceanographic 

 cruises, other stations were occupied, along shore, during the fisheries 

 investigations (Plate 2), notably one in the Bay of Fundy Deep, a 

 locality not visited previously. Details of the stations are tabulated 

 below (p. 330). 



During 1914 and 1915 complete oceanographic records were taken 

 at 126 stations; 311 tows made with the horizontal, 76 with the quan- 

 titative nets. r 



The equipment of the Grampus (Bigelow, 1915, p. 154) has been 

 much improved since 1913, the old deep-sea thermometers having 

 been replaced by a set of thermometers of the latest type, our stock 

 of stop-cock water-bottles increased to six, and the thermometer 

 frames attached to the water-bottles, allowing the two sets of instru- 

 ments to be operated simultaneously. We also used an Ekman 

 reversing water-bottle, the instrument generally employed by Euro- 

 pean geographers. But it proved far less reliable than the stop-cock 

 bottles, often failing to close when there was any stray to the wire. 

 The ship carried three Ekman current-meters, and a Lucas sounding 

 machine. The set of plankton-nets comprised large and small hori- 

 zontal tow-nets of fine and coarse silk; meter-nets for horizontal work 

 of stramin, Helgoland nets of fine and coarse silk and of stramin; 

 meter-nets of netting and silk of the Mich.\el Sars pattern (Murray 

 and Hjort 1912, p. 46), a Peterson young fish-trawl; and quantitative 



