No. 5. — Observations upon the Physical Geography and Geology of 

 Mount Ktaadn and the Adjacent District. By C. E. Hamlin. 



The " Geological Map of Northern Maine," that accompanies the 

 " Preliminary Report upon the Natural History and Geology of the 

 State of Maine," fur 186 1, represents Mount Ktaadn* as included in a 

 large granite district, of which it is the culminating height. The area, 

 as delineated, is an ellipse, the axes being respectively about twenty and 

 forty miles in length, — the major axis running very nearly in a north- 

 east and southwest direction. Between the most northerly of the two 

 foci and the northeast border of the district, Ktaadn is placed ; while 

 between the other focus and the southeast margin ai-e situated the 

 " Ebeme Mountains," so called by the compiler of the map. The 

 Penobscot River, in a course intermediate with the two axes and oblique 

 to each, crosses the intervening country, which has a general elevation of 

 not more than 550 feet above sea level, and is thickly sown with lakes. 



An excursion, of which this paper states results, was made in August 

 last, along a route that passes through nearly the whole length of the 

 supposed granite area. The special purpose of the writer at the outset 

 was to compare the granite of the lower grounds with that of Ktaadn 

 itself, which had been partially studied in August, 1879, and less care- 

 fully in 1869 and 1871 ; to find, if possible, at some points, the junction 

 of the granite with the surrounding stratified rocks ; and to continue the 

 exploration of Ktaadn with reference to completing the model of the 

 mountain, of which a heliotype is herewith presented. The route selected 

 comprises the northern seven miles of Schoodic Lake, fifteen miles of 

 forest travel to the Middle Joe Merry Lake, a course through this, the 

 Lower Joe Merry, Pemadumcook, and Ambejijis Lakes and their connect- 

 ing " throughfares," and nine miles up the Penobscot to the mouth of 

 the Aboljacarmegus Stream, where the ascent of Ktaadn begins. From 

 the terminus of highways at Brownsville, the route measures about fifty 

 miles in length. 



* The spelling Ktaadn is adopted in accordance with an opinion communicated to 

 the wTiter hy J. Hammond Trumbull, of Hartford, the most eminent living authority 

 upon Indian dialects. Dr. Jackson, Thoreau, and a few others, have previously used 

 the same form. 



VOL. VII. — NO. 5. 



