MUSEUM OF COMrAUATlVE ZOOLOGY. 2U7 



the south side, but the uppei portion, rearing itself 3,000 feet higher, is 

 hounded l)y decHvities of groat alirujjtness. 



A brief deseiiption, illustrated by the accompanying heliotype of a 

 model which represents the upper three thousand feet of the mountain, 

 will render intelligible subsequent references to the general features of 

 Ktaadn. 



The crest that bears the highest peaks is bent like a deep crescent, 

 opening north, and enclosing the (jli'eat Basin. At the centre of the 

 crescent are the two chief peaks, which differ in altitude less than 

 twenty feet, and are not more than a third of a mile apart. Directly 

 beneath the East Peak, shoots off to the southeast the longest of all the 

 spurs, which, narrow above, widens greatly towards its foot. Beyond 

 the peaks, the eastern horn of the crescent includes a thin, serrated 

 crest, and forms at its tip, first, the little tower-like peak known as 

 the Chimnc}', and then, across a narrow, square-cut notch, the peak of 

 Pamela,* named from the Indians' demon of the mountain. It is known 

 to many only as First Peak, so styled because it was the first summit 

 reached by tourists who followed the original eastern route to the 

 mountain. Pamola has a regularly convex, wide northern face, that 

 runs down with a precipitous foot to the level of the basin floor, nearly 

 2,300 feet below the highest peak. Eastward from Pamola projects a 

 nniTow, sharp-ridged spin*, the "Horseback," — an unfortunate name as 

 here applied, since in other cases it invariably means, in Maine, a kame, 

 with which this buttress of solid rock has nothing in common. Towards 

 its extremity, the " Horseback " forks, and sends off" to the northeast a 

 lower, flat-backed spur, while on its southei'n flank is the East Slide, — 

 the smaller of the two great slides that are among the peculiar features 

 of Ktaadn. 



Against the western horn of the crescent abuts the Table Land, an 

 almost absolutely plane surface, inclined to the northwest at an angle 

 of from five to seven degrees, and having a length of a mile and a 

 half, and an area of more than five hundred acres. The centre of this 

 plateau is a few hundred feet lower than the highest peak, which has an 

 elevation of 5,215 feet, as determined by Prof. Fernald. Half a mile 

 below the middle point of the sharp brow that bounds the Table 

 Laud on the south is the head of the Southwest Slide. This slide is 



* The name as given by Jauksou and those who have followed bim is Pomola. 

 1 have chosen the form Pamola on the authority of Rev. Eugene Vetromile ("Tlie 

 Abnakis and tlieir History," pp. 63-67), for many years Catholic missionary among 

 the Indians of Maine and New Brunswick. Dr. De Laski, in a paper to be referred 

 to farthei- on, appUes the name incorrectly to the " apex of Katahdin." 



