THE MARYLAND CYCADS. 451 



Cycadeoidea Goucheriana Ward. 

 PI. LXXXVII, Fig. I, 3; PL LXXXIX, Fig. i, 3; PI. XCIX. 

 1897. Cycadeoidea Goucheriana Ward: Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. XI, p. 14. 

 Trunks large, cylindrico-conical with elliptical cross section, 30 cm. 

 to 50 cm. high, 25 cm. to 50 cm. in diameter, light colored and of low 

 specific gravity, somewhat chalky and friable; lower leaves somewhat 

 deflexed, upper ones ascending the line between the two definite and 

 encirchng the trunk near the middle; leaf scars arranged in two sets of 

 spiral rows, both having nearly the same angle to the axis, 45° or greater ; 

 scars variable in size and shape, chiefiy subrhom])ic to nearly triangular 

 with curved or fluted sides, inner wall of the tubes marked by a raised 

 line around it; scars averaging 11 mm. in vertical and 23 mm. in lateral 

 measurement; leaf bases usually absent or only adhering to the bottom 

 of the scars; ramentum walls thick, more or less divided into irregular 

 laminse or scales with fissures between them, their outer edges ragged; 

 reproductive organs numerous, well marked, irregular!}^ scattered over 

 the surface, most abundant at the narrower sides, usually cavitous in the 

 center, sometimes sohd and protruding, surrounded by concentrically 

 arranged, crescent-shaped bract scars, sometimes well exposed and clearly 

 distinguishable into spadix and involucre, the scales of the latter iml^ri- 

 cated, the entire organ conical with the apex toward the axis of the trunk; 

 armor 3 cm. to 5 cm. thick, separated from the wood by a definite line; 

 woody zone 4 cm. thick, consisting of an outer parenchymatous ring 

 3 cm. thick, a thin ring of loose open structure, and two thin plates sepa- 

 rated by another ring of coarse cells divided by radial partitions, the 

 inner walls of both plates marked with scars of the medullary rays, the 

 pattern different in the two cases, the scars on the inner plate 13 mm. 

 long, those on the outer longer and tapering upward; medulla large, 

 elliptical, tapering upward, of a coarse homogeneous structure. 



The original type, the Wilson trunk, W. C, B., No. 1479, with the 

 small piece that became detached from its interior after its discovery and 

 was numbered 1479a, remained unique until 1901, when Mr. Charles 

 Dearstine contributed the fine fragment, M. G. S.-W. C, B., No. 9049, 

 described below. This specimen adds considerable to our knowledge of 

 the species, especially of the base, which is decayed away in the other. 



