HOPE ISLAND. 235 



shore a third of a mile northwest of Bulls Point, then reappearing on the 

 promontory of Bulls Point, forming- the northeast shore of the promontory 

 to its extremity. The southern part of the rock island southeast of Bulls 

 Point is granite. All the rock islands north and northeast of Bulls Point, 

 including the Dumplings, are formed by the greenish Dumpling rock. This 

 Dumpling rock is older than the granite. This is shown by the fine-grained 

 structure of the granite wherever it comes in contact with the Dumpling 

 rock. The greenish Dumpling rock along a road near the contact half a 

 mile northwest of Bulls Point, and along the point itself, is penetrated by 

 dikes of pink or reddish aplites of rather fine grain. This aplite is still 

 more common in the granite area, and evidently represents a later intru- 

 sion, after the great granite mass had cooled considerably. Sometimes the 

 aplite is rather coarse, but never so coarse as the granite mass itself. The 

 Dumpling rock is considered an argillite, formed by the metaphoric action 

 of pre-Carboniferous granite on still earlier, possibly Cambrian, shaly rock. 

 At no point does the greenish Dumpling rock of Conanicut come in 

 contact with the Conanicut shale series at the surface. The nearest points 

 of approach are at least several hundred yards distant. The arkose may 

 once have extended along the northern part of the greenish Dumpling rock 

 toward northern Rose Island and southern Coasters Harbor Island. There 

 is certainly a great temptation to assume the existence of an island 1 in Car- 

 boniferous times, consisting of granite, Dumpling rock, and the Brenton 

 Point shales. This island would include the Newport Harbor Islands south 

 of the line above mentioned, the area east of southern Mackerel Cove on 

 Conanicut, and Newport Neck. Kettlebottom Rock, a short distance south 

 of the southwestern end of the granite area, consists of Conanicut shale. 



HOPE ISLAND. 



The pier is at a projection about 900 feet south of the northeast angle 

 of the island. From the embayment on the eastern side of the island south 

 of the pier to a similar indentation on the western shore an east-west 

 fault seems to run. The beds both north and south of the pier seem to 

 have very steep dips, with variable strike. At the northeastern angle of the 

 island, however, they dip at a low angle northeastward. The rock at this 

 end is a white quartzitic sandstone with few pebble layers. Westward 



1 T. Nelson Dale: Am. Jour. Sci„ 3d series, Vol. XXVII, 188-t, pp. 217-228, 282-289, map. 



