444 THE ILLINOIS GLACIAL LOBE. 



County, and can not therefore speak with certainty concerning the continu- 

 ation of the beach. The beach, which on the whole seems to be the most 

 natural continuation, stands 60 to 65 feet above the lake on a line examined 

 eastward from Holland. Its relation to the other beaches is similar to that 

 found farther south, there being one beach between it and the present 

 beach of Lake Michigan, and another beach or similar evidence of wave 

 action at a level above that of this beach. The character of the wave action 

 and shore markings of the upper level have already been noted. 



An important bar was formed at this stage of the lake just- north of 

 Chicago. Its northern end appears at the bluff of the lake between Wil- 

 mette and Evanston, and leads thence southward through the west part of 

 Evanston to Rose Hill Cemetery, where it turns abruptly westward and 

 terminates in Bowmanville, on the east bluff of Chicago River. It is 

 probable that this bar Avas attached to the old shore at some point farther 

 north than its present terminus, a portion of it having been removed by the 

 encroachments of Lake Michigan. The bay back of this bar had a width 

 of 1 to 4 miles and a depth of 15 to 20 feet in its deepest part. A large 

 portion of it 'was so shallow as probably to be marshy. Notwithstanding 

 the presence of this bar, the beach back of it appears to have been acted 

 upon by lake waves with nearly as much vigor as the portion of the beach 

 farther south, a feature which suggests the absence of the bar in the early 

 stages of this lake level. The bar is much more bulky than any part of 

 the beach proper, being 10 to 20 feet in height and nearly one-fourth mile 

 in average breadth, if the sand and gravel on its boiders are included. 



The Second beach is on the whole characterized by larger deposits of 

 gravel and sand than the upper, but it has less conspicuous cut banks. Its 

 strength is greater in the vicinity of the northern outlet and on the north 

 side of the southern outlet than at points either between or outside the out- 

 lets. In Indiana and Michigan, however, it is quite large, but is heavily 

 covered with sand, which is largely wind-drifted. In places these accumu- 

 lations of sand reach a height of 30 or 40 feet. 



In respect to the remains of life, this beach is similar to the upper 

 beach. Very few reports of the occurrence of shells were received, and 

 no shells were found in the beach by the writer. It is in striking* contrast 

 with the next lower beach, which is in places highly fossiliferous. 



