628 THE ILLINOIS GLACIAL LOBE. 



with inner casing 4§ inches in diameter, and has a capacity of 320 gallons 

 per minute. The water is moderately hard and but slightly saline. A par- 

 tial analysis shows only 3.7 grains per gallon of sodium chloride and 28.5 

 grains of total solids. A portion of the water is from the St. Peter sand- 

 stone at a depth of 1,520 to 1,670 feet, and a portion from the Lower 

 Magnesian at 1,850 to 1,975 feet. The temperature of the water is 64° F. 

 These wells are of exceptional interest since they strike into a deep part of 

 the preglacial valley which, as indicated above, appears to have been the 

 old course of Rock River into the Illinois. A careful record was kept 

 of the shallower well, and the following section of drift is reported by 

 Mr. Jacob Miller, of Princeton : 



Section of drift penetrated in a deep well at Princeton. 



Feet. 



Clay 47 



Sand and gravel 10 



Bowlder clay 88 



Gravel with inflammable gas 5 



Bowlder clay 25 



Sand and gravel 197 



Beneath the drift 75 feet of shale was penetrated before hard rock was 

 entered. The deeper well, which was sunk several years earlier, is thought 

 to have reached a depth of 440 feet before entering rock, or about the level 

 of the bottom of this shale. Mr. Miller states that its section was not so 

 carefully kept as that of the later well, and it is possible that the drift 

 was no deeper than 372 feet. This gives the rock floor of the valley an 

 altitude 338 feet above tide, or but 50 feet higher than low water of the 

 Mississippi at Cairo, 350 miles nearer the seaboard. A well sunk at Prince- 

 ton many years ago, and reported by Judge Shaw in the Geology of Illi- 

 nois, penetrated only 216 feet of drift and was drilled to a depth of but 313 

 feet. 1 This well is scarcely one-half mile distant from the wells just dis- 

 cussed, yet it seems to have struck the old bluff. 



The village of Buda obtains its public water supply from a well 1,610 

 feet in depth. The lower 140 feet is thought by citizens to be in St. Peter 

 sandstone. The head is 125 feet below the surface or about 640 feet above 

 tide. The well has a diameter of 6 inches and will supply fully 100 gallons 

 per minute, as was shown by a 24-hour test. A strong water vein was 

 struck at 295 feet, but this is cased out. The casing extends into limestone 



1 Geology of Illinois, Vol. V, 1873, pp. 172-173. 



