20 



BERTRAM G. SMITH. 



ing to force their way into the same crevice ; this, however, may 

 have been merely incidental to the favorable location. Those 

 confined in aquaria were less shy than formerly, and paid little 

 attention to the presence of an observer ; this was true of newly 

 captured specimens as well as of those that had been kept for 

 some time. 



Finally, in a large creek aquarium, under conditions made as 

 natural as possible without affording too much cover, the com- 



Fig. 6A. Photograph from under-exposed negative, showing spawningof Crypto- 

 branchus allegheniensis. For explanation see Fig. 6B. The photograph was taken 

 with the aid of a water-glass. 



plete process of fertilization was observed at close range in two 

 instances, while various details of the behavior of the animals 

 during spawning were repeatedly observed. The process is 

 essentially as follows : 



The female, with a short string of eggs protruding from her 

 cloaca, crawls restlessly about, dragging the eggs along the bot- 

 tom ; the male, whose attention seems to be attracted by the 

 bright yellow eggs, follows her. Sometimes the female stops, 

 and makes swaying lateral and vertical movements with the pos- 

 terior part of the body. Finally she crawls partly (in the cases 



