58 - [August, 



ridum is found on orange trees and many other plants, L. lauri is 

 attached exclusively to the bay tree {Laurus nobilis), which flourishes 

 in this country, especially in the southern counties, in the open air. 



On the 16th January last Dr. D. Sharp sent to me from his garden 

 at Shirley Warren, Southampton, some terminal shoots of bay, on the 

 leaves of which the scales of this species were numerous, and in all 

 stages of growth ; there were also a few on the stems. As a rule the 

 scales were attached to the lower surface of the leaves, but a few 

 were on the upper side, and all were alive and healthy — a rare thing 

 with Lecanium, at this season, in this country. I think the females 

 are viviparous, and that the species belongs to the (so-called) parthe- 

 nogenetic set (c.f., p. 25 — 27, vol. xxiv). 



On the 9th of April, on a small bay tree here in Beaufort Gardens, 

 I found a few scales ; both adult with young beneath, and others of 

 small size immature, indicating a progressive generation of the species, 

 as in L. hesperidum. 



Lecanium clypeatum, n. sp. 



$ scale in the early stages, and up to the time of gestation, narrow, pearl-white, 

 with strong carinate ridges, viz., one on the middle of the back, crossed towards 

 each end of the scale by a similar one extending at a right angle to the margin on 

 either side, the spaces between the ridges, especially on the sides, very concave, as if 

 by compression ; the surface or hypoderm (as Targioni-Tozetti has it) covered with 

 minute pale dots ; these become more evident when the scale gets brown, as it does 

 eventually, the length being about 35 mm. In this ridged condition of immaturity 

 the scales are void, but after the fertilization of the insects they become filled with 

 eggs, the ridges disappear, the cavities fill up, and the form is a broad-oval, very 

 convex, the dorsum with a row of 4 — 6 very small tubercles, sometimes two or three 

 rows ; sides more or less straight, the margin not extended and flattened, except an- 

 teriorly, as far back as the region of the primary lateral ridges, where it is greatly 

 produced, clypeiform, in some examples to an obtuse point, mostly slightly recurved 

 at the edge, and rough with strong punctures ; sometimes also with a rough longi- 

 tudinal median carina. Viewed from the side, the scale, in tbe region of the previous 

 dorsal carina, is more or less level, but it then curves somewhat suddenly both to the 

 front and back. When mature the scale is ochreous-brown, and slightly shorter 

 than when immature. Under-side all pale; margin with fine, distant, .horizontal 

 hairs ; antenna; of 8 joints ; 1st and 2nd short, 1st shortest, 3rd longest, 4th and 

 5th a little shorter, 6th, 7th and 8th short with long hairs ; legs short, tarsi nearly 

 half the length of the tibiae, articulation therewith distinct ; claws short, digitules 

 ordinary. Length, 3- — 4, breadth, 2- — 2'5, height, 15 mm. 



Male unknown. 



In general appearance the adult scale resembles L.Jilicum, but 

 differs from it in the absence of the flattened margin and ' in the 

 presence of the clypeatc extension of the margin anteriorly — a charac- 

 teristic of the species. 



