Dec, 1914 Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 99 



had a most intense love for the science and aspired toward a 

 scholarship of high order. He is beyond a doubt the greatest 

 figure of the Russian school. He made a brave trial for exact- 

 ness. He found time to describe species even throughout his long 

 term as Governor of Finland. His first paper appeared in 1823, 

 his last in 1854. He died during a visit to Stockholm to inspect 

 the Schonherr collection. He was never in United States terri- 

 tory. His library, unusually large, and his collection remain in 

 the Museum of Helsingfors. His American genera were 21, his 

 species 244, and the majority of his types now exist. Of his 

 species 21 figure in the checklist as unrecognized. This is not due 

 to carelessness on his part. On the whole, his localities and other 

 data are more carefully and reliably given than by many more 

 recent writers. His " Coleopterous Fauna of California " con- 

 tains descriptions of 300 species. This includes the collections of 

 the first voyage of Kotzebue, the localities of which were badly 

 mixed up, as he and Dr. Eschscholtz well knew. To make the 

 best of a bad case Motschulsky described all these as from Alaska. 

 They were corrected as far as possible by Mannerheim in the 

 preface to his third " Nachtrag." He was fortunate in getting 

 some thoroughly scientific men to collect for him, notably Dr. 

 Frankenhaueser and Air. Holmberg, but, of course, got all the 

 material he could wherever he could. 



The life of G. Fischer von Waldheim was somewhat similar. 

 A Saxon, he was president of the Moscow Academy and con- 

 tributed wholly to the Russian school. He bought his material, 

 and wrote from 1806 to 1846. His chief work was the " Entomol- 

 ogy of the Russian Empire." This great work was enc3'clopedic 

 at its time, a costly monument, still treasured by every bibliophile. 

 His American species were 2 and genera 3, mostly circumpolar. 



Lieut. Victor von Motschulsky, later Colonel, began his con- 

 tributions to the Moscow bulletin in 1834. In youth he had 

 traveled over much of the eastern Russian Empire. He began a 

 correspondence with Leconte in 1843, and wrote until 1861. In 

 1853-4 he made the grand tour of America (including Panama). 

 His genera were 26, his American species 154, but he described 48 

 species unplaced in the checklist. When in this country he paid 

 at least one long visit to Leconte and named all his own species 



