678 TRANS. OF THE ACAD. OF SCIENCE. 
Transactions of the Academy, and transmitting publications 
in exchange; also, a letter from Dr. B. F. Shumard, Austin, 
Texas, dated Sept. 30, 1859, giving intelligence of the prog- 
Pig of the Geological Survey of Texas, in which he writes as 
ollows: 
“During the last two months, I have been working in the Tertiary; 
but, save in a few instances, fossils are very scarce, and particularly mam- 
malia. e find here the Mastodon and Mammoth. 
Eastern Texas consist of sandstones, clays, immense deposits of iron ore 
discovered. I have studied the Tertiary with much care, and another 
season will be necessary to enable me to do justice to it. The Bluff form- 
ation exists here in great perfection, and I shall endeavor to say some- 
thing upon it hereafter that will interest you.” 
ertebrata, i 
phyllotactic numbers 3 an 
He remarked, that all bones originate from points or “centres” of ossifi- 
of éxi atrix. The large tubular bones, such as 
humerus and femur, as well as the radius, ulna, tibia and fibula, originally 
present FiveE—not merely, as is erroneously maintained in anatom 
amoid or olecranon tuberosity. All are separate iat speerye h 
onward extremes they form, one, the ginglymoid articulation, or ve 
77 ” or “styloid 
physis”’; the other, a semilunar e ” of 
(radius, ulna) appe age. Respecting their torsion or “divergence” 0 
ce ; wo centres of each double apophysis te to the axial ped 
ent as dia lly opposite, at different heights, such as the collum an 
trochanter femoris, and the sigmoide cra ft 
they are found more or less to traverse each other, so that the longi 
of the fistular element retains a position intermediate ; a 
ur 
teeth, with 4 now spongy cavity, an osseous coat, and enamel cup Pie 
and it is this dentine form or ossicular type which is due to the ova 
Senerated into cysts replete with teeth or “dentified ossicles.”’ 
tor 
; id 
é or quin cle, developed rather in 
ne, and the elements radiately disposed; that is, the various types of 
