186 BOTANICAL GAZETTE 
The older female plants were most readily distinguishable by the 
_ presence of the large tubular involucre enclosing the large sporogonia, 
Male plants were readily found, being slightly smaller than the female 
plants, but in most of them the antheridia had matured and dis. 
charged, and only the shriveled male receptacle remained. Careful 
sorting of large amounts of material was necessary at the season I 
was in Jamaica, in order to discover young male receptacles with 
developing antheridia in them. 
HISTORICAL RESUME. 
Monoclea Forsteri was originally described by HooKer (’20), 
from material collected (in “‘Insulae Australes?) by Forster while 
accompanying Captain Cook on his famous voyage. HOOKER was 
aided also by a drawing and a manuscript description of the plant — 
by Forster, who had named it Anthoceros univalvis. The general 
form of the non-costate thallus, the simple involucre, the lack ofa — 
female receptacle, and the structure of the open capsule, all features 
which were shown in HookeEr’s jig. 1. were apparently taken from 
ForsTer’s drawing. By study of the specimens HooKER made out 
that the unopened capsule was cylindrical, and that it opened by 4 
single lateral slit. He also figured the spores and elaters and noted — 
the presence of three well-developed capsules in a single involucte, 
each with its own tubular calyptra. 
The removal of the plant from the genus Anthoceros, and the estab 
lishment of the genus Monoclea to receive it, was based by HooKes 
on the absence of the columella and the presence of but one valve In 
the open capsule: 
Ten years later Hooker (’30) described as Monoclea crispala ® 
liverwort found in the island of St. Vincent, in which he found a Ww 
valve capsule like that of Monoclea, and a columella like that 
Anthoceros. This latter led him to think that he had probably ove 
looked a columella in M. Forsteri, and to decide that Monoclea " 
probably intermediate between Anthoceros and the Jungermanniacesé 
Taytor (44, ’45), apparently after consulting HOOKER 
paper only, added two other species to the genus Monoclea. 
A year later NEEs von EsENBECK (’46) established - a 4 | 
Dendroceros to contain Hooxer’s M. cris pata and Taylor's ie | 
s later fF 
a 
