196 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [SEPTEMBER 
The longitudinal walls which immediately follow the quadrant- 
walls in the capsule do not appear in very regular order, but there is 
soon discoverable an inner series of six or eight cells surrounded by 
an outer layer of about twice as many cells (jigs. 37, 41, 42). The 
latter series form the wall of the capsule, while the former give rise 
to the spores and elaters (jigs. 40, 43, 44, 45). Apparently no further 
periclines are formed in these primary wall cells, except at the top of 
the capsule (figs. 31, 45, 48). Thus all but this portion of the wall 
is a single layer of cells as described by GOTTSCHE (’58). I have seen 
-no authority for the statement by SCHIFFNER (’93) that the wall is 
two-layered. 
These cells of. the wall of the capsule, as has been carefully de 
scribed by GoTTscHE (’58), have their walls provided with an elaborate 
series of thickening bands. The cells of the basal part of the wall are 
elongated to five to ten times their width, while those at the top 
of the capsule are nearly equal in length and in tangential width, 
though somewhat irregular in shape. The rupture of the ripe capsule 
originates at the top and extends down one side to allow the smooth- 
edged flaps to open out to the spoon-like form figured by HOOKER 
(20). The mature capsule is about 1.5™™ in diameter and 6-8™ 
long. 
The seta of the nearly ripe capsule is about 1™™ long and in the 
final stretching to elevate the capsule increases to 30-40”. bea 
stretching, the sporogonium has a nearly horizontal position In the 
involucre, but as the seta extends it curves upward and the capsule 
finally becomes vertical in position. 
Just before elongation the component cells of the seta are 30-35" 
wide and 12-16 long. During elongation the width of the cells 
changes but little, while the length increases often to 0.5""* 
The division of the archesporial cells in the interior of the capsule 
goes on without evident differentiation until there are about 30 ie 
cells on a diameter of the capsule (figs. 43, 44). Soon after on 
cells elongate markedly in a direction longitudinal to the @P 
(fig. 45.) When their length has reached five to ten times their diam 
eter (fig. 46), some of the thicker cells divide transversely and et 
gives rise to eight cubical spore mother-cells. Other more meat 
continue to elongate greatly to form the elaters (fig. 47). *7° 
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