248 BOTANICAL GAZETTE focroner 
gram which the author introduced to illustrate a theoretical stage 
in the evolution of the archegonium (Davis ’o36¢, p. 4g1, fig. 21, ¢) 
unwittingly almost duplicated this figure (TreuB ’86, pl. 21, fig. 0), 
to which his attention was called after the publication of this paper. 
TREUvB also noted the transformation of archegonia into antheridia 
and archegonia whose tips remained closed and became abnormally 
swollen. Recently HoLrerty (’o4) has determined for Mnium that 
the series of canal cells is sometimes a double row for a greater or less _ 
distance instead of the single line usually present, that the egg and 
ventral canal cell are usually of nearly equal size, and that occasionally 
organs are found with mixed antheridial and archegonial characters, 
as when portions of an evident axial row break up into sperm mother 
cells. A number of observers have reported abnormalities among 
the mosses, such as archegonia with two eggs, with two venters, of 
with enlargements of the neck regions. These conditions all appeat 
to justify entirely the conclusions of the previous paragraph. 
Especially interesting are some illustrations of unusual conditions 
in the pteridophytes brought together by Miss Lyon (’04). There 
are the two canal cells that normally lie side by side above the ventral 
canal cell of Equisetum, a condition also found in Isoetes. Two 
eggs are occasionally present in the archegonium of Selaginella apus, 
and a pair of eggs, one above the other with two canal cells betwee? 
have been observed in Adiantum cuneatum. The most remarkable 
conditions, however, are those found in Lycopodium com planalum, 
whose deeply imbedded archegonia have sometimes as many as four: 
teen to sixteen cells in an axial row, over half of which, and se 
times the egg cell itself, are binucleate. Thus the observations is 
TREUvB (’86) on Lycopodium Phlegmaria are substantiated, — 
likely that others of the Lycopodiaceae have archegonia of a get - 
ized type, with large- amounts of potential gametogenous po 
They present conditions that may be expected in any poe’ 2 
of bryophytes or pteridophytes. For male organs Miss Lyon © 
tributes a new fact in finding submerged antheridia in Ly 
annotinum. er 
The evolutionary tendencies of antheridia and archegon'as 
their most generalized conditions among the bryophytes; en gamel 
in the direction of numerical reduction of the number of 
