1904] CURRENT LITERATURE 415 
order to maintain the right of priority; characters would be more carefully observed, 
and better diagnoses would be obtained; provisional descriptions, which only 
tend to confuse the right of priority and are more or less incomplete, would be 
avoided.—OLSsON-SEFFER. 
PRIANISCHNIKOW?9 considers CZAPEK’s conclusion,3° that no free acid but 
carbonic is.secreted by roots, to be not justified by the experiments. His objections 
to CzaPEk’s work are, first, that the assertion that aluminum phosphate is insoluble 
in acetic acid is incorrect; second, that the aluminum phosphate used was not pure, 
the presence of the hydrate decreasing the solubility; third, that water affected 
the surface of the gypsum plates used. By using sand mixed with pure iron and 
aluminum phosphates, the author found that the phosphates were absorbed by 
the plants, and concluded that root secretions contain organic acids capable of 
dissolving aluminum and iron phosphates. The solution of phosphates varied 
with different plants. If it can be proved that carbonic acid secretion varies in 
fensonance with the solution energy of the root system of various plants, and that 
aluminum and iron phosphates are dissolved by carbonic acid, then there is no 
need to suppose the presence of other organic acids than carbonic in root secretions. 
The presence of acid phosphates in th t ti f lling y be explained 
by the fact that in germination, decomposition of proteid is in excess of synthesis, 
and the phosphorus set free may be, in part, secreted as phosphates.—L. M. Snow. 
pparent: (x) a stimulus to further development; (2) a mingling of 
© nes of descent; and (3) a doubling of chromosomes. Starting with this 
Primitive type, 
of these 
hing " common among angiosperms, no longer brings about the 
Re = gam hereditary properties; and cases of apogamy preceded by 
Many — 18 a still more reduced form of fertilization in the same direction. 
of reduction >a Cases of parthenogenesis are regarded as still further cases 
‘pismely © primitive process, for there has not even been the formation 
sense, itis claimen in the sense that there has been a reduction division. In this 
plants, ed that true parthenogenesis has not been proved among the higher 
‘nee there is no reduction division, there is no true gamete, and the 
29 
Siang Ntkow, D., Zur Frage iiber die Wurzelausscheidungen. Ber. 
; a t. Gesells, 22:189-190. pl. 12. 1904 
ig Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. - 1896. 
i 
i ona VERNON H., On the relation of fertilization, “apogamy,” and 
nogenesis.” New Phytol. 3:149-158. 1904. 
