322 BOTANICAL GAZETTE ; [NovEMBER 
water-worn; the other showed a fractured surface as if it had been 
broken away from a longer piece. This supposition is strengthened 
by the fact that there are a few ax marks on the broken end of -the 
specimen. The piece measured about 15°™ in the radial direction 
and about 18°™ tangentially, and is rounded in these directions 
apparently by water carriage. There are about three hundred rings 
of growth, and perpendiculars drawn from these show that the original 
trunk of which the specimen under discussion is a fragment must 
have been at least six feet in diameter. It was possibly much larger, 
since in all probability a good deal of ligneous tissue has disap 
- from the outer surface of the specimen. The wood had undergone 
comparatively little alteration from decay, and the fact that it is only 
very slightly impregnated with silica, easily removed with hydro- 
fluoric acid, makes it very favorable for investigation. The preserva- 
tion even of minute details of structure is far beyond that of any 
other fossil Sequoia with which I am familiar. 
Fig. 1 shows some of the characteristic features of a transverse 
section of the fossil wood under discussion. The annual rings a 
well marked and very regular even in sections of 
that shown in the figure. Two peculiarities stand out above all 
others in fig. 1, viz., the apparent absence of resin cells, such as ordi 
narily occur in cupressineous woods, and the presence of rea C FH 
in both horizontal and vertical planes, a feature characteristic of 
Abietineae and hitherto unknown in the cupressineous sen 
: : cheids, but 
rings of growth are mostly composed of thin-walled tra 
suddenly toward the outer border of the annual zone appear @ 
thick-walled tangentially flattened elements. In one of the go 
rings may be seen a number of open spaces rounded jn outline. ee 
are vertical resin canals in transverse section, and ar confi 
the spring wood. A very broad horizontal duct originates eile 
from the vertical series of resin canals just described ree as 
beyond the boundary of the figure. Fig. 2 shows some tO 
: : ; . often square ©" 
rings highly magnified. The tracheids are more 74 to tel 
pentagonal or hexagonal in outline. The pits are confin 
radial walls, except in the case of the thick-walled au ey 
eids, and are obviously in two rows as seen in transverse sect vod of the 
tangential pits which are sometimes found in the spring ¥ 
et 7 Ae ee 
greater area than 
ae 
