1904] NEWCOMBE—KLINOSTATS AND CENTRIFUGES 433 
speeds can be otained from the same shaft at the same time by belting 
to larger or smaller steps on the pulleys. 
A machine, however simple and however powerful, is of little use 
unless it will accomplish the purpose of its design. A klinostat, as 
is well known, must move through any quadrant in the same time it 
traverses its counter-quadrant. The experience of years has demon- 
strated that the apparatus here described is not faulty in this particular. 
Of course, the loads must be balanced, and this is done as on any 
Klinostat. There is no danger from the creeping or stretching of the 
belts. The unevenness of motion imparted by a water-motor attached 
toa central system seems to havé no effect in causing either heliotropic 
or geotropic curves on the klirostats, the irregularities of one minute 
apparently correcting those of another, since the irregularities are not 
periodic. 
Cost—The minimum cost for a complete unit of this apparatus 
may be given thus: 
1 HP electric motor with rheostat = - - - - : $35 .00 
1 FHP water motor ‘ ; : f “ - - $24.00 
Tworm gear - f i Z : ‘ : eee ees 12.50 
a a 2.50 2.50 
2ft. din. steel shaft - Smee $ ¢ ‘ = 12 42 
T3-step pulley . . 1.50 1.50 
1 klinostat (fig. 2, a and b) revolving on either vertical or 
horizontal shaft - - - - - : : : 9.00 = 
Total cost : - - $49.62 or $60.62 
The equipment contained in this list provides a centrifuge with 
horizontal axis, revolving 800, 400, 200, 100 times per minute, and 
almost any lower speed, and with a klinostat revolving on either 
* Vertical or horizontal axis with speeds from the centrifuge rate 
down to” one revolution in four minutes. Moreover, it allows one 
“atrifuge and one klinostat to be operated at the same time, or two 
“entrifuges to be operated at the same time. 
Additional centrifuges or klinostats with horizontal axis can be 
blained tor $6 each, and with vertical axis for $9 each. 
€N one considers that the standard spring klinostats with but 
ne turn-table cost $60 to $80, it can be seen that for the same expen- 
