1905] COULTER & LAND—TORREYA TAXIFOLIA ry A 
of eleven cells in each of the upper two and one in the lowest; and a 
similar but less striking inequality is to be observed in Taxus. Occa- 
sionally in Torreya other divisions may occur, giving rise to approxi- 
mately four tiers and a proembryo of about eighteen cells; but no 
other division occurs until the following spring, the winter condition 
being a proembryo of three or four tiers of cells as described above. 
In the following season the suspensor develops and the embryo 
is formed, along with the characteristic “‘rumination” of the endo- 
sperm and the development of the testa. The first indication of 
change from the winter proembryonic condition is the elongation of 
the primary suspensor cells (fig. 29); a little later this is shared by 
the secondary suspensor cells; and this is followed by the elongation 
of the third tier, if four tiers are formed. In the meantime the termi- 
nal cell has begun a series of rapid divisions, resulting in a cylindrical 
mass of meristematic tissue, much as Lyon (s) has described in the 
case of the embryo of Ginkgo. This meristematic cylinder advances 
gradually into the endosperm, its basal tiers of cells successively 
contributing to the suspensor elongation. Thus in the formation 
of the suspensor there seems to be developed what may be called a 
wave of elongation, beginning with the uppermost tier of the pro- 
embryo and extending gradually downward, tier after tier, until it 
includes the upper region of the meristematic cylinder formed by 
the terminal cell. This same phenomenon is very evident also in 
Thuja. 
After the meristematic cylinder has advanced into the endosperm 
and has become prominent, the growing points are organized; the 
two cotyledons presently becoming beautifully crescentic in outline 
and completely surrounding the stem-tip; and the root-tip being 
organized deep within the meristematic cylinder. 
In several instances a number of small embryos were observed 
imbedded in the endosperm about the suspensor region of the normal 
embryo. Our material did not permit any determination of their 
origin, but they resemble the proembryo of the normal embryo, and 
are developed while the latter is in its second season’s growth. After 
the pollen tube has reached the archegonium, the endosperm. grows 
up around it (figs. 23 and 24), so that the tube lies in a cup-shaped 
depression. After fertilization, the rim of this endosperm cup con- 
