Ne ae ee eee Pe ee 
ae ae 
1905] BRIEFER ARTICLES 221 
prominent idea of the order both in the scientific mind and in the popular 
mind, and which supplied the accepted name by which the order is now 
known, I mean the genus Uredo, should be wholly discredited and aban- 
doned, and according to many able mycologists even lose its rights in synon- 
ymy. When I came to believe that the names Uredo, Aecidium, Roes- 
telia, Peridermium, Epitea, and Caeoma were entitled to rank as accept- 
able genera, provided they were not antedated, it became certain that these 
names should no longer be made to do duty as spore-names. 
For the several reasons which I have now partially illustrated, I was 
impelled to seek for more serviceable, accurate, and concise names for 
uredineal spore-structures. More than a year ago I presented the first 
installment of my problem to Dr. FREDERIC E, CLEMENTS, of the Uni- 
versity of Nebraska, and it is to his continued and hearty cooperation and 
suggestion that I am able to present at this time a well considered series 
of terms to designate the several spore-structures of the Uredinales. I 
think the claim can be justly made that these new terms, all constructed 
by Dr. CLements, will do away with ambiguity, have a definite and easily 
recognized application, permit of uniformity of statement for the several 
Spore-stages, and promote clear conceptions of homologies. 
The terms I have to propose apply to the sorus. By sorus is meant 
the structure which arises from a single, fertile hyphal mass, or hymenium, 
either with ot without a peridium, now usually called spermogonium, 
aecidium, uredosorus, teleutosorus, or kindred names. A compound sorus 
is produced by a number of sori standing close together, separated and sur- 
rounded by modified hyphae, which form a stroma, erroneously termed 
paraphyses, e. g., the teleutosori in Puccinia rubigovera and Puccinia 
Virgaureae. The stroma is not considered a part of the sorus, but an 
adjunct structure. A simple sorus is surrounded by the tissues of the 
host, or by unmodified mycelium, and includes the peridium, and all true 
paraphyses, whether peripheral or discal. 
The new terms consist of four words, with their derivatives, one for each 
of the four stages of uredineal fungi. For the sorus of the initial stage, 
usually designated by a cipher, and called spermogonium, pycnidium, 
etc., I propose pycnium (mvxviov); derivatives pycnial, pycnios pores, etc. 
For the sorus of the first spore-stage, usually designated by the Roman 
numeral I, and called aecidium, roestelia, peridermium, etc., I propose 
aecium (aixiov); derivatives aecial, aeciospore, etc. For the sorus of 
the second spore-stage, usually designated by the Roman numeral II, 
and called uredosorus, etc., I propose uredinium (uredo); derivatives 
wredinial, urediniospore or if preferred uredospore, etc. For the sorus 0 
