262 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [APRIL 
open by two valves instead of one, very much as is common in most 
angiosperm stamens which open by slits. The structure of the seed 
and fruit is like that of Hamamelis, except that the seed is smaller. 
CORYLOPSIS PAUCIFLORA. 
Only one stage of this species was examined. It was obtained 
in the spring before the flowers open,which occurs before the leaves 
appear. They are borne in drooping racemes, with many bracts, 
which are smooth outside, but covered by silky hairs within. The 
structure of these hairs is much like that in Hamamelis, but they are 
not rigid. The stamens, which have four microsporangia, pass the 
winter containing nearly mature pollen grains (fig. 37), with two free 
nuclei. The ovule passes the winter in the same stage as does that 
of Hamamelis (fig. 25). It is difficult to determine whether there 
is present a definitive macrospore or a macrospore mother-cell; how- 
ever, there is no evidence of the presence of more than one macrospore 
mother-cell. There must also be some time here between pollination 
and fertilization. 
LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA. 
Liquidambar is not so closely related to Hamamelis as the other 
genera studied. The buds in this species pass the winter with the 
merest rudiments of the floral organs present. The stamens are only 
small protuberances which do not show any archesporium. The 
mature anthers have four microsporangia and open by slits (AS. 
26). The fibrous layer is very slightly developed as compared with 
Hamamelis. The flowers are imperfect, with rudiments of stamens 
appearing as nectaries among the flowers in the female heads. These 
were formerly thought to be both petals and stamens; abortive 
pollen is sometimes developed in them, which is evidence of their 
staminal nature (fig. 27). The carpels, which occur in pair a 
in Hamamelis, are collected into large heads containing aid 
five to fifty flowers each. Each carpel has a double row of ovules 
developed on marginal placentae, and a broadly expanded stigmatic 
surface. With very rare exceptions, only one of these many ovules 
is fertilized, and this one is near or at the bottom of the cavity- han 
is a week or ten days between pollination and fertilization in this 
The developing seed shows the same resistant tissue at the antipoda 
