1905] WHITFORD—FORESTS OF FLATHEAD VALLEY 279 
the transpiration streams, therefore trees that require better moisture 
conditions can exist in these situations. 
The sylvicultural habits of Douglas spruce and bull pine remain 
to be summarized. Douglas spruce has the widest life range of any 
of the species found in Flathead valley, being found at higher alti- 
tudes than any other of the lowland species, with the exception of 
2 pe 7% - - A f Fl: De ake; a 
18.—View of a portion of an island near the south end of Flathead Lake; 
Fre. 
park-like growth of bull pine and Douglas spruce is present. 
Engelmann spruce. It is found accompanying western larch all 
through the mesophytic forests of Swan valley, and forms even a 
greater percentage of the trees in the meso-xerophytic regions, and 
advances into the prairie sometimes as far as bull pine. However, 
this power of adaptation is not without an effect upon its form, for 
in high altitudes and on the border of the prairie region it is dwarfed 
and sometimes fasciated. In mesophytic conditions it reaches the 
dimensions of the trees with which it is associated, and even these 
