36 PLEISTOCENE OF INDIANA AND MICHIGAN. 



Chamberlin, T. C, On the extent and significance of the Wisconsin Kettle moraine: Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci., 

 vol. 4, 1878, pp. 201-234. 



Describes the morainic features and their relation to strise in eastern Wisconsin, and the topographic relations 

 and position of the moraine from Wisconsin eastward to the Atlantic coast. The development of ice lobes in each 

 of the great basins is discussed and mapped. 



Le Kettle moraine et les mouvements glaciaires que lui ont donne naissance: Compt. rend. Cong. geol. inter- 



nat., sees. 1878, Paris, 1880, pp. 254-268. 



Brings out the influence of basins in developing lobes of ice as determined by the distribution of the Kettle 

 moraine and the strise bearing toward it. 



■ The bearing of some recent determinations on the correlation of the eastern and western terminal moraines: 



Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 24, 1882, pp. 93-97. 



States that the moraines which stand at the drift border in the eastern part of the United States lie far inside 

 (north of) the drift border in the interior. 



Origin of the Great Lakes basins and the Great Lakes epoch: Geology of Wisconsin, vol. 1, 1883, pp. 288-295. 



Discusses the ancient lake deposits, the changes of level, the reversal of drainage, and the work of the present 

 lakes. In vol. 2, 1877, pp. 231-232, gives statement showing the rate of erosion of the lake shore in Racine County, 

 Wis., which throws light on the length of time Lake Michigan has been at work. 



Preliminary paper on the terminal moraine of the second glacial epoch: Third Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, 



1883, pp. 291^102. 



Defines the several classes of drift and types of drift topography. Gives a comprehensive treatment of glacial 

 lobation and describes a prominent morainic system whose course is outlined from the Atlantic seaboard to the 

 Missouri Coteau. 



The rock scorings of the great ice invasions: Seventh Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, 1888, pp. 174-248. 



Discusses and illustrates various phases of glacial scoring in the United States and British Columbia. 



Bowlder belts distinguished from bowlder trains: Bull. Geol. Soc. America, vol. 1, 1890, pp. 27-31. 



Says that bowlder belts conform to distribution of moraines, and bowlder trains to the bearing of striae. 



The attitude of the eastern and central portions of the United States during the glacial period: Am. Geologist, 



vol. 8, 1891, pp. 267-275. 



In the earlier stages of glaciation the outwash from the ice was weaker and the attitude of the land probably 

 flatter than in the later stages, though in the eastern portion the altitude was low at the close of glaciation. 



Nature of the englacial drift of the Mississippi basin: Jour. Geology, vol. 1, 1893, pp. 47-60. 



Treats of the amount and character of englacial drift, and outlines the course of bowlder belts in Indiana and 

 Ohio which are thought to represent englacial transportation. 



Glacial phenomena of North America: Geikie's Great ice age, 3d ed., 1895, pp. 724-775. 



A comprehensive statement of North American glaciology. Names for the Kansan, Iowan, and Wisconsin drift 

 sheets are introduced. 



— Classification of American glacial deposits: Jour. Geology, vol. 3, 1895, pp. 270-277; vol. 4. 1896, pp. 872-876. 

 Extends nomenclature given in Geikie's Great ice age so as to include the Illinoian drift sheet and the several 

 interglacial soils or weathered zones. 

 - An attempt to frame a working hypothesis of the cause of glacial periods on an atmospheric basis: Jour. Geology, 



vol. 7, 1S99, pp. 545-584, 667-685, 751-787. 



The function of carbon dioxide, the agencies of depletion and enrichment, and the varying rates of action are 

 considered and applied to known glacial periods and to the oscillations from glacial to interglacial epochs; dis- 

 cusses also the agencies of localization of glaciation. 



A contribution to the theory of glacial motion: Decen. Pub. Univ. Chicago, vol. 9, 1904, pp. 193-206. 



Asserts that the differences between glacial ice and ice formed by freezing water are such that experiments on 

 one throw little light on the other. The behavior of glacial ice under gravitative stress is discussed at some length. 

 — and Salisbury, R. D., The Pleistocene or glacial period: Geology, vol. 3, 1906, pp. 327-516, especially pp. 

 394-405. 

 Chapman, E. J., Notes on the drift deposits of western Canada and on the ancient extension of the lake area of that 

 region: Canadian Jour., new ser., vol. 6, 1861, pp. 221-229; vol. 8, 1863, pp. 457-462. 



Notes occurrence of existing species of fresh-water mollusks in stratified drift and old lake ridges. Disputes 

 Lyell's interpretation that high beaches around Lake Ontario were formed about an arm of the ocean and suggests 

 that they were produced by a fresh- water lake. 

 Clapp, F. G., and Fuller, M. L., The marl loess of the lower Wabash Valley: Bull. Geol. Soc. America, vol. 14, 1903, 

 pp. 153-176. 



Attempts to discriminate between water-laid and wind-deposited loess. 

 Claypole, E. W., On the preglacial geography of the region of the Great Lakes: Canadian Naturalist, vol. 8, 1878, pp. 

 187-206; vol. 9, 1881, pp. 213-227. 

 Bases discussion on data from borings. 



Preglacial origin of the basins of Lakes Erie and Ontario: Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., vol. 30, 1882, pp. 147-159. 



Opposes hypothesis of glacial excavation of the lake basins on the ground that the amount of drift was inade- 

 quate to. refill them. Cites observations in support of view that the basins are in the line of old river valleys. 



