38 PLEISTOCENE OF INDIANA AND MICHIGAN. 



Davis, C. A., Geology of Tuscola County, Mich. : Rept. State Board Geol. Survey Michigan for 1908, pp. 121-346, 1909. 

 Discusses in considerable detail the physical geography, glacial features, soils, bedrock geology, native vege- 

 tation, and underground-water supplies. A topographic map based on railroad and drainage-ditch levels and 

 aneroid observations brings out clearly the leading glacial and physiographic features. 

 Davis, W. M., The ancient outlet of Lake Michigan: Pop. Sci. Monthly, vol. 46, 1895, pp. 217-229. 



Reviews previous descriptions and presents results of field study and topographic maps along the outlet. 

 Dawson, J. W., Acadian geology, London. 3d ed., 1878, pp. xxvi, 697, suppl. 102 pp. 



Refers the excavation of the Great Lakes to a time of continental submergence when polar currents flowing 

 southward cut deeply into the strata. Considers the so-called lake ridges, moraines, and osars to be the record 

 of old sea margins (pp. 70-71, suppl. pp. 18-24). 



■ Canadian ice age, Montreal, 1893, 301 pp. 



A compilation of numerous papers dealing almost entirely with Pleistocene deposits in Canada. The discussion 

 of Pleistocene fossils is especially valuable. 

 Desor, Edouard, Superficial deposits of the Lake Superior land district: Poster and Whitney Rept., Ex. Doc. No. 

 4, 31st Cong., 1st sess., 1851, pp. 232-270. Also Am. Jour. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 13, 1851, pp. 93-109. 



Discusses the several classes of drift, the terraces, and the high beaches, and concludes that glaciation was 

 followed by deep submergence. Also discusses modern shore phenomena and stream work. 



Dunes on the shores of the upper American lakes: Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, 1853, p. 207; vol. 4, 



1854, pp. 41-42. 

 Remaiks that though no tidal action is present sand flats are exposed to wind action. 

 Douglas, C. C, Report on Ingham and parts of Eaton and Jackson counties, Mich. : Second Ann. Rept. State Geologist, 

 H. Doc. No. 13 (No. 4), 1839, pp. 66-77. 

 Briefly discusses drift and describes the two gravel ridges known as the Mason and the Williamstown-Dansville 

 kers. 

 General remarks on marl and other deposits and features of Jackson, Calhoun, Kalamazoo, Eaton, Ionia, and 



Kent counties: Third Ann. Rept. State Geologist, H. Doc. No. 8, 1840, pp. 54-62. 



Remarks on the general character of the northern portion of the lower peninsula: Fourth Ann. Rept. State 



■ Geologist, H. Doc. No. 27, 1841, pp. 98-111. 



Discusses topography and great thickness of drift. Notes a shore line (Algonquin beach) on Mackinac Island 

 and bordering mainlands and estimates it to be 140 feet above the lake. 

 Dryer, C. R., Reports on counties in Indiana as follows: Dekalb and Allen counties: Sixteenth Ann. Rept. Dept. 

 Geology and Nat. Hist. Indiana, 1889, pp. 98-130; Steuben and Whitley counties: Seventeenth Rept., 1892, 

 pp. 114-134, 160-170; Noble and Lagrange counties: Eighteenth Rept., 1894, pp. 17-32, 72-82; Drift of the 

 Wabash-Erie region: Eighteenth Rept., 1894, pp. 83-90. 



In large part describe the glacial deposits. The Allen County report names Lake Maumee and describes its 

 beach. 



Studies in Indiana geography, Inland Pub. Co., Terre Haute, 1897, 110 pages. 



Treats geographic features, glacial deposits (by Leverett), the Erie-Wabash region and niorainic lakes of Indiana; 

 discusses natural resources and changes produced by civilization; short history of the Great Lakes (by Taylor). 



Eskers and esker lakes of northeastern Indiana: Jour. Geology, vol. 9, 1901, pp. 123-129. 



Suggests "esker lake" as name for bodies of water occupying depressions closely connected with esker ridges. 

 Edmunds, E. S., Geology of Lagrange County, Ind.: Kansas City Review, vol. 2, 1879, pp. 500-508; vol. 3, 1880, pp. 

 28-33. 

 Very discursive; bears a little on Lagrange County. 

 Ellis, R. W., Road materials of southeastern Indiana: Thirtieth Ann. Rept. Indiana Dept. Geology and Nat. Res., 

 1905, pp. 766-871. 



Pertains only in part to glacial deposits, and those chiefly the glacial gravels of the Ohio Valley and of the East 

 White River valley. 

 Elrod, M. N., Reports on Quaternary features and deposits of counties in Indiana as follows: Bartholomew County: 

 Eleventh Ann. Rept. Dept. Geology and Nat. Hist. Indiana, 1881, pp. 150-172; Decatur County: Twelfth Rept., 

 1882, pp. 139-145; Rush County: Thirteenth Rept., 1883, pp. 100-107; Fayette and Union counties: Fourteenth 

 Rept., 1884, pp. 41-47, 55-58, 61-64, 70-71. 



Notes a buried soil between drift sheets in much of the region covered. Approximately outlines the extent of 

 the later or Wisconsin drift. 



and Benedict, A. C, Geology of Wabash County, Ind.: Seventeenth Ann. Rept. Geology and Nat. Res. 



Indiana, 1891, pp. 238-255; Geology of Cass County: Nineteenth Rept., 1894, pp. 17-39. 

 Presents drift sections and well records and briefly discusses drift deposits. 

 Fairchild, H. L., Glacial waters in the Lake Erie basin: Bull. New York State Mus. No. 106, 1907, 86 pp. 



Discusses the glacial recession from the highlands south of Lake Erie to the basin of Lake Ontario, with special 

 reference to the ice-border drainage. Gives very little information concerning the moraines but interprets the 

 lake history somewhat elaborately. 



