INTRODUCTION. 49 



Taylor, F. B., The limit of postglacial submergence in the highland east of Georgian Bay: Am. Geologist, vol. 14, 

 1894, pp. 273-289. 



Describes beach which defines upper limit of submergence between Barrie and Trout Creek, Ontario, identifies 

 it as Algonquin, and estimates its age (by laminated clay in deltas) at not less than 2,500 years. Regards it 

 (wrongly) as marine and as correlative of upper marine deposits in the lower St. Lawrence Valley. 



The ancient strait at Nipissing: Bull. Geol. Soc. America, vol. 5, 1894, pp. 620-626. 



Gives descriptive details of beaches near North Bay, Ontario, on Lake Nipissing. Thinks the higher ones mark 

 marine waters (a view now abandoned). Traces the lowest or Nipissing over a col to Trout Lake into head of 

 temporary outlet of upper Great Lakes to Ottawa River. 



Changes of level in the region of the Great Lakes in recent geological time: Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 49, 1895, 



pp. 69-71. (Letter in reply to J. D. Dana.) 



Discusses marine hypothesis of northern beaches. Later abandons views favoring marine origin. (See letter 

 to Am. Geologist, vol. 17, 1896.) 



The Munuscong Islands (Michigan): Am. Geologist, vol. 15, 1895, pp. 24-33. 



Says that hills north of Hessel, Mich., showed as small islands in Lake Algonquin. Gives details of beaches 

 near Gros Cap and on Mackinac Island. Shows rate of rise of Nipissing and Algonquin beaches from Petoskey to 

 Sault Ste. Marie. 



The second Lake Algonquin: Am. Geologist, vol. 15, 1895, pp. 100-120, 162-179. 



Discusses the lakes bounded by the Nipissing Beach and gives a history of the changes of altitude of its plane, 

 based on data of the preceding reconnaissances. [The name "second Lake Algonquin" was replaced later by 

 "Nipissing Great Lakes."] Gives quite fully the facts relating to Nipissing Beach as then known. Discusses 

 change of outlet from North Bay, Ontario, to Port Huron, Mich., and its effect on history of St. Marys, St. Clair, 

 Detroit, and Niagara rivers. Says this epoch of the lakes was synchronous with the maximum of marine 

 Champlain submergence in the lower St. Lawrence. Entertains hypothesis of marine origin for higher northern 

 beaches. 



• Sketch of the Quaternary history of the Great Lakes: Public Occurrent, weekly, Fort Wayne, Ind., vol. 1, 



No. 2, Dec. 14, 1895. 



Gives a popular account of the Great Lakes, embodying the results of a reconnaissance on north coast of 

 Lake Superior in 1895 disproving existence of straits to Hudson Bay. Includes also results of reconnaissance of 

 the Mattawa and Ottawa valleys in which the last position of the ice dam holding Lake Algonquin was found. 

 First uses name "Nipissing Great Lakes." 



The Nipissing beach on the north Superior shore: Am. Geologist, vol. 15, 1895, pp. 304-314. 



Reviews and discusses A. C. Lawson's "Sketch of abandoned strands of Lake Warren." Finds that Nipissing 

 Beach rising to northeast is recognizable in Lawson's descriptions. 



Preliminary notes on studies of the Great Lakes made in 1895: Am. Geologist, vol. 17, 1896, pp. 253-257. 



Gives brief summary of results of reconnaissance of north coast of Lake Superior and of Mattawa and Ottawa 

 valleys. States reasons for final rejection of marine hypothesis of northern beaches of upper lakes, which had 

 been held up to this time. Finds evidences in the Ottawa Valley of ice clam which held Lake Algonquin and of 

 rush of waters where outlet opened through this valley. 



Notes on the Quaternary geology of the Mattawa and Ottawa valleys: Am. Geologist, vol. 18, 1896, pp. 108-120. 



Gives additional details of glacial history of the two valleys. 



- Correlation of Erie-Huron beaches with outlets and moraines in southeastern Michigan: Bull. Geol. Soc. America, 



vol. 8, 1897, pp. 313-317. 



Describes Imlay and Ubly outlets and eastern part of Grand River outlet. Shows relations of the several beaches 

 and moraines to these and to other less important spillways, and discusses character of water-laid moraines. Intro- 

 duces names of Lake Whittlesey, Lake Saginaw, and Duplain Beach, and limits name of Lake Warren. 



— A short history of the Great Lakes: Dryer's Studies in Indiana geography, pp. 90-110, Inland Pub. Co., Terre 

 Haute, 1897. 



Discusses in popular form changes of outlet, altitude, area, and depth in the glacial lakes incident to the recession 

 of the ice sheet. Discusses also the relation of lake history to Niagara Falls and to the Champlain marine submer- 

 gence in the lower St. Lawrence Valley. 



— Moraines of recession and their significance in glacial theory: Jour. Geology, vol. 5, 1897, pp. 421-466. 

 Notes existence of 15 moraines of recession of Wisconsin age between Cincinnati and Mackinac. Discusses 



their theoretical significance and the light they throw on the behavior of the ice sheet. Argues that the position 

 of water-laid moraines shows that ice lobes stood with solid fronts in lakes and calved few icebergs. Data have been 

 slightly modified by later investigations, the time found for glacial recession being probably too great. . 



— The Nipissing-Mattawa River, the outlet of the Nipissing Great Lakes: Am. Jour. Sci., 4th ser., 1897, pp. 

 208-218. Abstract in Am. Geologist, vol. 20, 1897, pp. 65-66. 



Describes a 'recent great river in the Mattawa Valley. Conditions of erosion showed to be in some respects 

 exceptional, but time allowed for its work is probably too long. 



34407°— 15 4 



