MORAINES OF NORTHERN LIMB OF HURON-ERIE LOBE IN INDIANA. 163 



Another well in Kendallville 108 feet deep did not strike the hard till. 



A well 3 miles east of Kendallville, in sec. 1, T. 34 N., E. 11 E., penetrated yellow till to 

 about 14 feet and then blue till with thin beds of sand or gravel to 206 feet. A well 4 miles 

 northeast of Kendallville is reported to have penetrated nothing but till to 120 feet, but 

 neighboring wells strike water-bearing gravel or sand at moderate depths. 



A gas-well boring at Albion was observed during drilling by Prof. W. B. Van Gorder, who 

 furnished the following record : 



Record of drift beds at Albion, Ind. 



Feet. 



Clay, yellow 10 



Clay, blue x0 



Sand and gravel 115 



Clay, blue 20 



Sand and gravel, with streaks of blue clay 52 



Sand and gravel 81 



Clay, blue, with thin beds of sand 52 



Gravel • 5 



Bowlder clay, red 15 



Sand 5 



Slate (?) x 



Sand ■. 9 



Total (assorted material 267, clay 107, slate 1) 375 



The boring penetrated till and assorted material in alternating beds, of which the till 

 comprises only 30 per cent and the assorted material 70 per cent. If the several drift sheets 

 were widespread it might be concluded that there were stages of melting and outwash followed 

 by readvance of the ice and deposition of till. But numerous natural exposures and well records 

 show that the till grades horizontally into gravel or sand and back again to till within short 

 distances. Local conditions within and beneath the ice instead of great oscillations of the ice 

 border seem to have determined the character of the beds. 



At Ligonier, in northwestern Noble County, the drift is known to be only 169 feet. No fur- 

 ther data were obtained. 



Kosciusko County. — Two gas-well borings at Warsaw penetrated 247 and 255 feet of drift. 

 A boring 3 miles west of Warsaw penetrated 243 feet of drift. In all three borings sand and 

 gravel greatly predominate over the till. In one well water was flowing strongly from the top 

 of the 7-inch pipe 2 feet above the surface at the time of the writer's visit. As the water con- 

 tains much sulphureted hydrogen, a portion of it at least is from the rock. It is thought, 

 however, that much of it is from the drift. 



Whitley County. — At Larwill, on an elevated part of the moraine 103 feet higher than 

 Warsaw, there is 365 feet of drift. The upper 100 feet is chiefly rather clayey till, overlying 

 mainly sand and gravel. Records of two other deep wells east of this moraine belt are pre- 

 sented on page 171. 



OUTWASH. 



OUTWASH IN INDIANA. 

 DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTER. 



Swampy and somewhat sandy tracts that set in on the outer or northwest border of this 

 morainic belt near Lake Cicott and continue 7 or 8 miles eastward to the head of Crooked Creek 

 north of Logansport seem to be outwash from it. Sand appears also in a ridge several miles in 

 length that borders and to some extent rides upon the outer slope of the moraine; but this was 

 probably drifted up by the wind. Northeastward from the head of Crooked Creek, across 

 northern Cass, southeastern Fulton, and southwestern Kosciusko counties little outwash is 

 found until the Tippecanoe Valley is reached near Warsaw, the moraine in this interval of about 

 30 miles fronting on a plain of clayey till. From the Marshall-Kosciusko county line eastward 

 along the Tippecanoe VaUey to Warsaw a sandy and gravelly plain lies mainly south of the 



