MORAINES OF NORTHERN LIMB OF HTJKON-ERIE LOBE IN INDIANA. 165 



strongly morainic aspect than the drift on the immediate southeastern and southern borders 

 of the gravel plain. The record of a deep well on the Khinehart farm, 2 miles west of Rome 

 City, shows sandy gravel, with water in its lower half, extending to 52 feet, 40 feet of blue till, 

 and 24 feet of water-bearing sandy gravel, giving a total depth of 117 feet. 



GLACIAL DRAINAGE. 



In eastern Lagrange and northwestern Steuben counties conspicuous gravel plains lie along 

 the northwestern border of the main moraine, each side of Pigeon River. The portion south of 

 the river in eastern Lagrange County contains coarse gravel and cobble and is coated to a con- 

 siderable extent by a thin deposit of earthy material in which large bowlders are embedded. 

 It stands 30 to 40 feet above a sandy tract along the river. In respect to bowldej- capping, as 

 well as in altitude, it is similar to the high plain north of Mongo, discussed in connection with 

 the Stuxgis moraine (p. 1 50) . The ice sheet apparently occupied this gravel plain and that north 

 of Mongo while depositing the surface capping of bowldery material. Its recession from this 

 plain seems to have been somewhat irregular. The lower district along Pigeon River, it is 

 thought, held a mass of ice in the district east from Mongo for some time after the ice had with- 

 drawn from the higher districts south of it. Otherwise it should have been built up to a level 

 corresponding to that of the higher plain. In northwestern Steuben County the high plain is 

 more sandy than in eastern Lagrange County, and in places it carries low dunes. It extends 

 back into recesses in the moraine at the Pigeon Valley and farther north at Gage Lake. In 

 these recesses, as well as alojig Turkey Creek in eastern Lagrange County, it is moderately trenched 

 by lines of glacial drainage that lead through the main moraine from a lesser moraine on its 

 inner border. 



The line of glacial drainage in the Turkey Creek valley heads at Little Turkey Lake on the 

 southern edge of Steuben County, about a mile west of Hudson-Ashley. In its course through 

 the large moraine it occupies a valley whose general width is nearly a mile, though somewhat 

 narrower near the outer border of the moraine near Springfield (or Brushy Prairie). A chain 

 of lakes is found along its course, one of which, Turkey Lake, is 75 feet in depth. It is probable 

 that stagnant ice masses persisted at the site of these lakes during the deposition of the sandy 

 gravel in this line of glacial drainage. 



Pigeon River was utilized as a line of glacial drainage until the ice had withdrawn to the 

 Wabash moraine, which lies east of and is distinct from the moraines under discussion. The 

 present stream follows the outer border of the Wabash moraine southward for about 12 miles, 

 and then turns westward to enter the main moraine of the belt under discussion about 3 miles 

 below the village of Pleasant Lake. It emerges from this moraine 6 miles farther down, at 

 Flint, and traverses a gravel plain for the remainder of its course, except at Mongo, where it 

 passes the weak outlying moraine of the belt. It has in its passage through the mam moraine 

 a valley about one-half mile in width, with bluffs 30 to 50 feet high from which there is a rise 

 into the moraine. Along its course through the main moraine it flows through a chain of lakes, 

 of which Long, Golden, and Hogback lakes are the largest. Hogback Lake has its longest 

 diameter athwart the course of the channel and extends back mto the moraine at either end, 

 but Long and Golden lakes have their longer axes in harmony with the axis of the channel. 

 The gravel and sand of the glacial drainage line form a low terrace along the stream and around 

 the borders of the last-named lakes, but are completely interrupted at Hogback Lake. The 

 lakes are about 40 feet in their deepest parts and in all probability occupy basins in which stag- 

 nant masses of ice persisted during the use of the channel as a line of glacial drainage. 



A third line of glacial drainage that traverses the mam moraine is found in a plain that 

 sets in about 3 miles north of Angola and leads westward. This plain is bordered on the east 

 and south by a gently undulating till tract and on the north by a very .prominent morainic accu- 

 mulation carrying points that rise 100 feet above the plain and nearly 1,1 50 .feet above sea level. 

 The plain is about a mile wide and extends westward from sees. 11 and 14, T. 37 N.,-R. 13 E., 

 to Crooked Lake in sees. 9 and 16 of the same township. It also touches on the north the south- 



