172 PLEISTOCENE OP INDIANA AND MICHIGAN. 



border and in places to 20 or 30 feet; throughout the southern half its general thickness is 75 to 100 

 feet. At Fort Wayne it is 60 to 125 feet or more. The surface portion of the drift is generally a 

 stiff clayey till, the only prominent exceptions being the gravel plain in the northeast part of the 

 county, which connects Cedar Creek valley with the head of Eel River, and the narrow belt along 

 the St. Joseph. In the northwest quarter of the county the till is generally underlain by water- 

 bearing gravel at 25 to 35 feet, so that deep wells are unnecessary. In the northeastern part the 

 till is thicker and many wells go 60 to 75 feet to the first water-bearing gravel. From Fort 

 Wayne eastward past New Haven a few wells are sunk to rock at 80 feet or less, but others draw 

 from gravel beds between till sheets at 25 to 35 feet. In the old outlet of Lake Maumee, which 

 leads past Fort Wayne to the Wabash at Huntington, there is sand and silt in places, though parts 

 are floored with bowldery till. In the southeastern part of the county gravel beds within the 

 drift furnish water at 30 to 40 feet or less, and in the southern and southwestern parts water- 

 bearing gravel in many places underlies till at 20 or 30 feet. On the Wabash moraine, in the 

 southern part of the county, many wells reach depths of 75 to 100 feet, but on the plain east of it 

 few exceed 50 feet. 



Flowing wells may be obtained along Maumee River from Fort Wayne eastward past New 

 Haven. There are already one or more in Fort Wayne. The waterworks at New Haven is sup- 

 plied from a flowing well 300 feet deep, which draws from rock, the drift being only 82 feet deep. 



Adams County. — In Adams County, which lies south of Allen, the moraines and the plain 

 tracts present a nearly continuous sheet of clayey till, there being little or no gravel outwash 

 from the moraines and few gravel knolls. As a rule the drift is thin with a general depth of about 

 50 feet; where it is thick considerable sand and gravel is found in its lower portion. The great 

 depth of the buried valleys in this region is shown by a gas-well boring at Geneva, which passed 

 through 350 feet of drift, although, within a mile of the boring, rock outcrops at an altitude as 

 great as the well mouth. In this boring the upper 80 feet was mainly through till; and the 

 remaining 270 feet mainly through sand and gravel. Although the surface of the drift, through- 

 out the county, is mainly till, wells show that water-bearing gravel is widespread beneath it at 

 depths of 20 to 50 feet. 



Wells County. — Wells County, which lies west of Adams and south of Allen counties, has a 

 somewhat uniform sheet of clayey till at surface, with thin beds of sand or sandy gravel included 

 in or underlying it. The average thickness of drift for the county probably does not exceed 50 

 feet, and rock is common at 30 to 50 feet. 



Huntington County. — Huntington County, which lies west of Allen and Wells counties, has 

 comparatively thin drift south of Wabash River, a depth of 100 feet being encountered in few 

 wells. Northward from the Wabash the thickness increases to fully 200 feet on the northern 

 border of the county. Clayey till forms the surface of the county, but gravel or sand prevails 

 near the base of the drift and occurs as local beds in the tiU, causing neighboring wells to differ 

 greatly in section. Flowing wells are obtained along the Salamonie Valley in the vicinity of 

 Warren at depths of 65 to 100 feet. All are reported to derive their supply from limestone, but 

 water is decidedly chalybeate, and drift water may have access. 



Wabash County. — Wabash County is very similar to Huntington, which it adjoins on the west, 

 both as regards the drift structure and the thickness. The northern end has very thick deposits, 

 probably exceeding 300 feet, the thickness at North Manchester, in the Eel River valley, being 

 274 feet. The thickness in the southern portion probably averages less than 100 feet, but is 

 much greater in the buried valleys, in one of which, at Lafontaine, it measured 300 feet. The 

 only gravelly districts worthy of note are in narrow strips along the valleys of Wabash and Eel 

 rivers. The till on the Mississinawa morainic system in places extends to depths of 100 feet or 

 more, though usually water-bearing gravel and sand is found within 50 feet of the surface. 

 Near New Madison, in sec. 11, T. 29 N., R. 7 E., a well passed through 160 feet of till and struck 

 rock at 181 feet, and in sec. 26 two others penetrated similar amounts of till. On the plain west 

 of the moraine most wells penetrate till for 25 feet or more before striking gravel or sand. 



