244 PLEISTOCENE OF INDIANA AND MICHIGAN. 



and Owosso moraines. From Henderson the Henderson moraine runs eastward to the west bank 

 of Flint River, about 2 miles northwest of Flushing, but it is very faint in this interval and has 

 not been traced continuously. East of the river at Flushing a faint moraine runs south, appar- 

 ently marking a short, sharp tongue projecting up the river. This moraine is probably repre- 

 sented by one or both of the narrow ridges which pass just north of Mount Morris; it is quite 

 distinct through T. 9 N., R. 7 E. (Thetford Township), and passes 1| miles south of Millington. 



WEST HAVEN MORAINE. 



A bowldery belt on the old lake bottom about a mile north of Chapin is probably to be iden- 

 tified with another moraine, which, however, is perhaps not land-laid in this part of the Saginaw 

 Valley. It is not entirely clear whether this moraine, which has been called the West Haven 

 moraine, is a separate individual passing a little south of Oakley, a mile or so northeast of West 

 Haven and a little south of New Lathrop, or whether it belongs to the moraine next mentioned 

 below. Faint indications of such an individual exist 2 miles northeast of West Haven, and 

 regularity of space interval seems to call for it, but it was not identified further. 



CHESANING MORAINE. 



A very bowldery belt south and west of Laytons Corners marks the course of another moraine, 

 known as the Chesaning. It extends in all about 8 miles or to Shiawassee River south of Che- 

 saning. This belt is slightly below former lake level (10 to 25 feet) and is in the surf-wasted 

 zone of the Arkona beaches, which are the strongest in this part of the Saginaw Basin. Wave 

 work has removed the fine material and left the ground very stony but has not destroyed the 

 morainic knolls, which though low are well defined. The moraine was water-laid, but the water 

 was shallow. This fragment stands alone and was not traced in either direction; it may, how- 

 ever be continued east of Flint River in the ridge upon which the Arkona beaches rest between 

 Clio and Millington, but this correlation is not certain. 



MORAINE NORTH OF CHESANING. 



Another faint bowldery tract 2 miles northwest of Chesaning appears by its altitude and 

 general relations to belong to another later moraine, which, however, was not certainly identified 

 elsewhere. 



OVERLAPPING OF THE EARLIER MORAINES OF THE DEPLOYED GROUP. 



The morainic features in the tier of townships east of Lansing are extremely irregular, the 

 later moraines appearing successively to override the earlier ones. The Lansing, Grand Ledge, 

 and Ionia moraines appear to be involved in the overlapping as far as northeastern Livingston 

 County. 



If the Lansing moraine turns southeast from Alverson (see p. 239), it seems probable that it 

 includes the morainic fragments at least as far east as northern Livingston County and that in 

 this interval it overrides earlier morainic deposits. On the the other hand, if the Lansing moraine 

 is overridden east of Alverson by a later moraine, then the fragments may belong to this next later 

 (Grand Ledge) moraine. The morainic deposits are so cut up by transverse troughs and their 

 trends vary so much that it is scarcely possible to identify individuals continuously. But to 

 whichever moraine the fragments in northern Livingston County belong, they appear to be over- 

 ridden there and eastward by a still later moraine. In fact, though the morainic jumble into 

 which the first three moraines of the deployed group disappear may be partly due to irregu- 

 larities in the rock surface beneath the drift, it seems to be due chiefly to marginal overriding or 

 overlapping. 



The Grand Ledge moraine enters the broken belt north of Lansing; the Ionia moraine enters 

 farther to the east, in the southwest corner of Shiawassee County; the Portland moraine enters 

 near the southwest corner of Genesee County. From here the broken belt extends eastward 



