LATER MORAINES OF LAKE MICHIGAN, SAGINAW, AND HUEON-ERIE LOBES. 285 



ham, gradually declining in that direction. The broad, low ridge between Birmingham and 

 Detroit runs directly down the slope, almost at right angles to the normal trend of the Bir- 

 mingham moraine. This seems to suggest that the Detroit ridge is not a terminal moraine 

 in the ordinary sense but is an interlobate moraine marking the line of contact between the 

 Lake Huron ice lobe coming from the northeast and an extension of the main Lake Erie lobe 

 to the north and northwest. 



This inference is strongly supported by glacial strife, which were found by Sherzer J to run 

 north-northwest, in the Sibley limestone quarries north of Trenton, and by a number of other 

 northwest-pom ting stride at Stony Point and Monroe (p. 290). It is also supported by the 

 transportation of bowldei-s from Lake Erie northwestward to the vicinity of Ypsilanti and Ann 

 Arbor. It seems probable, therefore, that the Detroit ridge is a subglacial, partly water-laid, 

 interlobate moraine; that is to say, that it was formed along the line of contact between the 

 Huron and Erie ice lobes, but mainly under the ice and below the then existing level of the lake. 

 It follows that southwest of Birmingham the ice front was probably standing on or not far 

 from the normal line of continuation of the Birmingham moraine. 



IMLAY MORAINE. 2 



The northern part of the Imlay moraine has been briefly noted as a probable partial cor- 

 relative of the Fowler moraine (p. 241). Only one short, narrow piece of the Imlay moraine 

 forming the east bank of the channel east of Imlay rises above the level of the first beach of 

 Lake Maum.ee. It is a stony till ridge about a quarter of a mile in width and 870 feet in alti- 

 tude. From this place the moraine is developed northward along the east side of the Imlay 

 outlet and also runs south-southeast close along the east side of the Imlay channel to a point 

 east of Almont, and then in fading form, marked mainly by a bowlder belt, it continues south- 

 ward along the east side of Clinton River nearly to Romeo. A mile or two northeast of Romeo 

 it appears to be represented by a thin, flat sheet of stony till, overlying gravel beds. This is 

 the farthest point south to which it has been continuously traced. South of the small till ridge 

 opposite Imlay the moraine is all water-laid and passes southward deeper and deeper under 

 the level of the first Maumee beach. 



East of Romeo and farther south a strongly marked bowldery belt covers much of the 

 vertical interval between the Maumee and Whittlesey beaches. The bowlders probably repre- 

 sent the Imlay moraine in large part but scarcely suffice to fix its course definitely. Farther 

 south a single group of distinctly moramic knolls that seem likely to belong to this moraine is 

 found in Troy Township, Oakland County, 3 or 4 miles east and northeast of Birmingham. These 

 knolls, which are composed of stony till and are 5 to 12 feet high, are the more noticeable because 

 they stand on a slope which, except for beach ridges, is smooth. 



GOODLAND MORAINE. 



On the forty-third parallel the narrow, smooth ridge of the Goodland moraine lies a mile east 

 of the Imlay moraine, from which it is separated by a swamp. Half a mile east of the Good- 

 land moraine another swamp stretches away to the east, north, and south. The moraine bends 

 gradually southeast and runs past Smith station for about a mile beyond the fine of Armada 

 Township, Macomb County. Throughout the whole distance it is a low, smooth ridge, appar- 

 ently water-laid, rising 10 to 25 feet above the adjacent till plains, and a quarter of a mile to a 

 mile wide. The Goodland moraine was not certainly traced farther, but it seems probable that 

 it turns south in sec. 3, Armada Township, and causes the southward bulge in the Whittlesey 

 beach 2 miles southwest of Armada. Just below the Whittlesey beach a bowldery area bear- 

 ing some low stony knolls probably belongs to the Goodland moraine, but farther south nothing 

 was seen that could be certainly identified with it. From a mile south of Belle River to its end in 

 Armada Township it is surmounted with gravelly beach bars of Lake Maumee. 



1 Sherzer, W.H., Ice workinsoutheasternMichigan: Jour. Geology, vol. 10, pp. 194-216. 



2 This moraine and the Goodland moraine, regarded as one individual, were formerly described as the Toledo moraine (Bull. Geol. Soc. America* 

 vol. 8, 1897, p. 39). 



