PORT HURON MORAINIC SYSTEM AND PROBABLE CORRELATIVES. 301 



connected with the bowldery belt is much more bowldery where it lies on the morainic bench 

 than it is elsewhere. 



The Bay City moraine is water-laid throughout. Its altitude is 750 to 650 feet west of 

 Tawas and about 640 feet at Turner and Twining in Arenac County. It declines very gradually 

 southward to 605 or 610 feet at Bay City. Its relief is very low, generally under 10 feet. 

 Northeastward from Bay City its altitude rises gradually to about 655 feet 3 miles north of 

 Elkton. 



TAWAS MORAINE. 



A narrow faint ridge of stony till, beginning at the lower edge of the sandy deposits south 

 of Au Sable River, runs a little west of south through Wilber Township, passing west of Tawas 

 Lake, to the western edge of the village of Tawas in Iosco County. This ridge, known as the 

 Tawas moraine and regarded as a member of the Port Huron morainic system, runs southward 

 in fair strength to Alabaster and thence in fading form into northeast Arenac County. About 

 5 miles west of Tawas a few very low knolls with some stones trend northeast and southwest 

 and seem to mark a faint earlier moraine. 



The altitude of the Tawas moraine in Wilber Township is 625 to 630 feet, and it declines 

 southward to 600 feet or less in eastern Arenac County. Two or three miles north of Alabaster 

 it rises to 640 feet. Its relief near its north end is 15 to 20 feet, but declines southward to 5 

 or 10 feet. "Where it is partly cut away along the shore between Tawas and Alabaster its 

 relief is 15 to 20 feet on the outer slope. 



About a mde south of Port Austin and near the shore in northern Huron Township three 

 or four prominent knolls suggest by their altitude and location a correlation with the Tawas 

 moraine. 



CORRELATIVES OF THE PORT HURON MORAINIC SYSTEM IN ONTARIO AND 



NEW YORK. 



By Frank B. Taylor. 



Since 1893 the writer has made occasional studies of the Pleistocene formations in Ontario, 

 chiefly on the southwestern peninsula. Although the results are still somewhat fragmentary 

 they are fairly complete in some areas and show the general plan of the terminal moraines of 

 the region. 1 



The Port Huron morainic system on the east side of Lake Huron has the same habit of 

 expression that it has on the "thumb" and in the Saginaw Valley in Michigan. In a few places 

 it is composite, but generally it forms a single strong ridge. It has been traced continuously 

 from Mooretown on St. Clair River, where it is water-laid and faint in its expression, past 

 Wyoming, eastward north of Arkona, northward west of Ailsa Craig to the bend of Maitland 

 River, and northeastward along the north side of this river to a point 5 or 6 miles north of 

 Wingham. Beyond this it has been identified at several places as far as Markdale and beyond 

 that has been mapped in detail to the escarpment west of Collingwood. 



In the basin of Lake Ontario the identification of this moraine has been made out satis- 

 factorily in western New York and across the Niagara peninsula to the vicinity of Hamilton, 

 and it is known with approximate accuracy northward along the escarpment to a high angle 

 on the great promontory west of Collingwood. The identity of the moraine was made sure 

 by its relation to the Whittlesey, Arkona, and Warren beaches at Marilla and Aid en, 20 'miles 

 east of Buffalo. 



In the Ontario basin and the east end of the Erie basin this morainic system has a different 

 expression from that which it shows in the Lake Huron basin. Its component ridges spread 

 apart on the plain after the manner of the slender ridges of the West Branch-Gladwin group 

 of moraines in the Saginaw Valley. It would seem probable, therefore, that three or four or 

 perhaps more of the slender moraines in western New York and on the Niagara peninsula in 

 Ontario form a group which is as a whole the equivalent of the massive moraine of the Port 



i The moraine systems of southwestern Ontario: Trans. Canadian Inst., vol. 10, 1913. 



