POET HURON MOBAINIC SYSTEM AND PEOBABLE COEEELATIVES. 309 



the level of the bay, or about 100 feet lower than the Manistee moraine in the same latitude 

 on the coast of Lake Michigan. At the head of Suttons Bay it has a well-defined outwash 

 apron on its outer or southwest border and thus bears good evidence of being a terminal rather 

 than a submarginal featiue. A more prominent moraine north of Suttons Bay may have been 

 formed between the Lake Michigan lobe and a branch occupying Grand Traverse Bay; this 

 interpretation seems supported by the bordering features on the west, there being a till plain 

 on that border that apparently was covered by the Lake Michigan lobe while this moraine was 

 being developed. This moraine may in places reach a height as great as the Manistee moraine 

 of southwestern Leelanau County, but its altitude is generally lower. The entire morainic strip 

 on the west coast of Grand Traverse Bay is rather low to correlate well with the Manistee 

 moraine and seems more likely to have been developed somewhat later as the ice shrank to a 

 lower position. In that case it may be a close successor of the Manistee moraine. 



On the peninsula between the arms of Grand Traverse Bay, as well as along the east coast 

 of the bay, the topography is largely drumlinoidal rather than morainal down to levels corre- 

 sponding to the moraine on the west side of the bay. Only near the southern end of the east 

 side of Torchlight Lake does good morainal development appear. East of the south end of 

 Torchlight Lake and northward on the east side of Clam Lake to the vicinity of Bellaire a 

 moraine, which is thought to be a correlative of the Manistee moraine, is separated from the 

 second moraine of the main system by a distinct outwash apron. This outwash apron, as well 

 as the moraine, is much lower than the second moraine and its outwash, the moraine being 

 200 to 300 feet above Lake Michigan and the outwash apron about 200 feet, whereas the higher 

 moraine and outwash have an altitude of 500 feet or more. Southeast of Clam Lake the moraine 

 for 3 or 4 miles is only about one-fourth mile in width, but it has a relief of nearly 200 feet on 

 its inner or western border. It is at this narrow part that the outwash apron is best developed. 

 This moraine is not clearly differentiated from the earlier moraine around the head of Grand 

 Traverse Bay nor in the district north of Bellaire. 



On the north border of Little Traverse Bay a weak moraine, rising about 200 feet above 

 Lake Michigan level, is in part banked against a much higher morainic accumulation and in 

 part runs across the south end of a lowland east of this prominent moraine near the east end of 

 Little Traverse Bay. This moraine seems to have been formed by a narrow tongue of ice that 

 pushed eastward from Lake Michigan into Little Traverse Bay and terminated a short distance 

 beyond the head of the bay. There is not so definite a moraine along the south side of the bay, 

 yet in places some ridging of the drift forming a drainage divide parallel with the shore was noted. 

 This moraine hke the moraine on the west side of Grand Traverse Bay seems rather low to be 

 correlated with the Manistee moraine, but it may be a close successor of that moraine, the pre- 

 cise correlative being a moraine on the edge of the tract with drumlinoidal ridges a few miles 

 southeast of Little Traverse Bay. 



The Manistee moraine probably correlates with one of the chains of morainic ridges on the 

 Huron slope, presumably with the highest chain that has a southeastward trend. This prob- 

 ably should include the high morainic tracts of northern Emmet and northwestern Cheboygan 

 counties as well as those which lead southeastward from near the south end of Mullet Lake. 

 It may also correlate with the moraine that follows the Huron shore past Harrisville and 

 possibly with either the Bay City or the Tawas moraine farther south and thus correlate with 

 the closing stage of Lake Warren. Unfortunately the fragmentary development of moraines 

 on the Huron slope leaves the exact correlation doubtful. 



CORRELATIVES OP THE MANISTEE MORAINE IN WISCONSIN. 



Grounds for the definite correlation of the Manistee moraine with a moraine which sets in 

 directly opposite Manistee near Two Rivers, Wis., and leads northward along the west coast of 

 Lake Michigan, are found in the peculiar relation of each of these moraines to the beaches of 

 Lake Chicago. It was noted some years ago that only the third or Toleston beach of Lake 

 Chicago is present on the slopes of the Manistee moraine, and that higher beaches are present 

 on the earlier moraines that border Lake Michigan farther south. Similar conditions were found 



