GLACIAL LAKE MAUMEE. 



343 



DEFORMATION AT OR NEAR THE EDGE OF THE ICE. 

 DEFORMATION BETWEEN COLUMBUS GROVE AND PINDLAY. 



Field work. — Considered with reference to accuracy and reliability of data the district 

 between Columbus Grove and Findlay, Ohio, affords the best field for the study of ice attraction 

 now available. (See fig. 4.) In this district the area occupied by the highest and middle Maumee 

 beaches is covered by some of the newly made topographic maps with contour intervals of 10 feet. 

 Ice shoving, which occurred chiefly in connection with the highest beach (see p. 338), modified it 

 so extensively that its tracing eastward from Columbus Grove is very uncertain ; however, it does 

 not appear to rise in that direction. It seems certain that the highest beach in this vicinity was 

 made before the Defiance moraine and extended a considerable distance farther east, being 

 overridden by the readvance to this moraine. 



Figure 4.— Map showing relation of the second or middle Maumee beach to the Defiance moraine west of Findlay, Ohio. 



It was pointed out that the middle beach appears to be superposed on the rampart ridges 

 between Pandora and Benton Ridge and that it there rises very perceptibly. Westward from 

 Pandora to a point about 8 miles west of Delphos, which is as far as mapping has been completed, 

 the middle beach appears to be horizontal, the altitude on its crest varying from 771 to 777 feet, 

 the lower figures being apparently on parts not fully developed. Northeastward from Pandora 

 the beach appears to rise. 



Northeastward from Pandora the middle beach (see p. 340) seems to be continued in the 

 strong but somewhat bent and broken line which rises from Pandora to Benton Ridge and 

 Findlay. Mr. Leverett 1 describes it as follows : 



Between Pandora and Findlay the beach is very strong as far as Benton Ridge, there being usually a bank 10 to 20 

 feet high, capped by gravel several feet in depth. From near Benton Ridge to Findlay the bank is but 6 to 10 feet high 

 and the deposits are rather sandy. This part of the beach borders a narrow bay south of the Defiance moraine, and in 

 view of its situation is remarkablv strong. 



i Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 41, 1902, p. 729. 



