SUNIER: Marine fish-ponds of Batavia. 215 
stuffed with Vaucheria- and Chaetomorpha-threads. Of the remaining six 
bandeng I examined not only the contents of the gizzard, but also those 
of the oesophagus and the intestine. It then appeared that of these six 
bandeng the entire intestinal tract from the mouth to the anus was filled 
with Vaucheria- and Chaetomorpha-filaments. 
If on the one hand, as described above, I several times saw, in June, 
July and September 1918, the bandeng eating quite near the surface ofthe 
water of the submerged “algal’’') vegetation consisting chiefly of Chaetomorpha 
and reaching up to just beneath the surface of the water, on the other hand 
I observed on August 12th 1919 a crowd of bandeng feasting on the 
masses of Vaucheria occurring on the bottom of pond B of Map II. The 
animals were standing head-down in the water so that the longitudinal axis 
of their bodies was at an angle of between 45° and 60° with the level of 
the water, whilst the dorsal lobe of the continually moving caudal fin 
emerged like a little flag from the shallow water of the centre of the pond 
where the animals were ,,grazing”’. 
In connection with these data relative to the food partaken of by the 
bandeng living in empangs the following also seems to me not devoid of 
interest. On November 30th 1918 I saw masses of Chaetomorpha gathered 
elsewhere, being brought in picul-loads by some coolies to Pekulitan, where 
the bandeng was to be fed with these algae. I also saw in the pond-system 
of Map II how for instance when a pond had become too full of Chaeto- 
morpha, part of the algal masses were hauled out of the pond and then 
stacked in a sort of rick, so as to serve afterwards as bandeng-food in 
cases of temporary or local scarcity of algal vegetation. 
I also endeavoured to collect data concerning the food of bandeng 
living in the sea, i. e. in their natural environment. However, as I had 
occasion to state before, sea-bandeng is but rarely marketed at the Batavia 
Pasar Ikan (fish-market). 
As is well known and has also been remarked by THOMAS (8) bandeng is 
not to be caught with hook-tackle. The occasional sea-bandeng marketed at 
Batavia is caught with the payang-teri ?) (a seine), or in the sero’s ?) (fishing- 
stakes), sometimes also with the tempuling ?) (a harpoon). Consequently 
the number of sea-bandeng whose stomach- or intestinal contents I was able 
to examine was not very large, as may appear from the following survey. 
1. December 10th 1918; Intestinal contents of a sea-bandeng: a fine brown- 
green ooze, which under the microscope proved to consist of: a great many 
Pleurosigma-like Naviculinae, a good many Globigerinae, a few Rotalidae, 
some very few Polystomella’s, an occasional Copepod, some mineral 
particles. 
2. December 11th 1918; Stomach-contents of a sea-bandeng: a good 
many Pleurosigma-like Naviculinae, some Rotalidae, Miliolidae, Textularidae 
1) cf, note page 209. 
2) On native fishing-gear compare VAN KAMPEN (2). 
