SUNIER: Marine fish-ponds of Batavia. 223 
speaks rightly of the great planting; as a matter of fact more new 
fry are liberated into the Batavia ponds in the spring-turn than in the 
autumn-turn. 
The “ûget” turned into the Batavia empangs is obtained from the (more 
or less sandy) beaches of Karang Antu in the bight of Bamtam, Sedari and 
Tjemara in Krawang, Bobos near Pamanukan, Indramayu, Cheribon, Tegal 
and Pekalongan. In 1918 Mr. Görs paid about fl. 40.— per 10.000 ûget, 
and he told me both on May 28th and on October 15th of that year that 
when the young fry had reached a length of about 10 cM., out of 100.000 
to 110.000 ûget there were no more than 40.000 left. On September 
24th, 1920 Mr. Görs added that since of late he had not been able to 
personally supervise his empang-enterprise so well as formerly the number 
of ûget that had arrived at the length of ten cM. had dropped to about 
16.000 out of 110.000. 
I have already mentioned that the ûget in the pembibitan (fry-pond) 
feeds on “tay-ayer” organisms and that the young animals when they have 
reached a length of 3 to 4 cM. are also sometimes fed with Enteromorpha 
chopped small. The ûget is usually left in the fry-ponds for only 1!/, to 
2'/, months, after which the young bandeng are generally turned into not 
too large a pond (pembuyaran) in which there is usually little or no “algal ')- 
vegetation” and where the density of the population per area-unit is 
as a rule greater than in the empangs proper where the fish has to grow 
big and fat. 
In a pembuyaran the young bandeng remains 2, 3 to 4, sometimes 5, 
and occasionally as long as 12 months, during which the fish mostly attain 
a length of from 10 to 15 cM. and a weight of between 125 and 250 
grammes. Then the fish is transplanted from the pembuyaran into the 
real empang, where the “algal') vegetation” has been previously allowed 
to develop. Under favourable circumstances the bandeng may have attained 
a weight of approximately 1500 grammes after about 5 months’ stay in 
this empang. 
Of course it is no wonder that the weights attained by bandeng reared 
in Batavia empangs after a specified time vary considerably. For the 
period during which the animals are kept in the pembibitan and pembuy- 
aran, the nature and intensity of the water-circulation within the pond- 
system, and respectively of the renewal of the water, the size and depth 
of the ponds, the nature of the pond-bottom, the nature and available 
quantity of the food, the number of bandeng turned into the pond per area- 
unit and many other factors help to determine the weight that the bandeng 
will have attained after a specified time. 
Thus in the Pasar Ikan (fish-market) at Batavia I once saw two lots 
of bandeng, the owner of which asserted that they both consisted exclus- 
1) cf. note page 209, 
