158 PROCEEDINGS OF THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



which was confirmed by Pilsbry,^ who placed it near Aulacospira in 

 Pupillidae. 



Aulacospira, introduced as a genus or subgenus of the family 

 Hygromiidse by MoUendorff ,^ was placed next to Hygromia by Pilsbry 

 in his " Guide ", but subsequently ^ he transferred it to Pupillidse. 



Two subgenera to the genus Theba were proposed in 1914 by 

 Hesse,* i.e. Paratheha for Helix fruticola, Kryn., as type and H. 

 rotki, Pfr., and Metatheha for H. samsunensis, Pfr., and T. orientalis, 

 Hesse, the former taken as type. 



Cylindrus proposed by Fitzinger in 1833 for Pupa obtusa, Drap., 

 was transferred in 1895 by Pilsbry ^ to the Helices, its place being 

 indicated near Helicella and Hygromia. 



Acanthinula of Beck, although with a very old species as type, 

 Helix aculeata, Mull., was very imperfectly known from an anatomical 

 point of view, until examination by Hesse, ^ Steenberg,'' and Watson ** 

 proved its affinity to lie with Pupillidse. 



The same fate was shared by Vallonia, the anatomy of which was 

 investigated by Pilsbry ^ and Watson.® 



Soosia was proposed by Hesse ^° as a genus with Helix diodonta, 

 Muhlf ., for type, placed in Helicodonta by Pilsbry. At the same time 

 Hesse named a subfamily Helicodontinse for (1) his new genus, 

 (2) Helicodonta s.s., (3) Drepanostoma, and (4) Caracollina (sections 

 of Pilsbry), (5) (Estophora, and (6) Mastigophallus, the latter another 

 new genus for the reception of one species. Helix rangiana, Fer. 

 (Estophora had been created by him previously ^^ without naming 

 a type, but now he fixes on Helix lusitanica, Pfr., and adds a list of 

 fifteen species to be included. 



Aspasita, established by Westerlund as a section of Gonostoma ^^ 

 for three small species from S.E. Europe, was retained as a section 

 under Helicodonta by Pilsbry, but Hesse ^^ removes it with 

 Acanthinula and Vallonia to Pupillidse. 



Klihia was proposed as a section of Helicodonta by Pilsbry in 

 1894 with Helix osculuni, Thomae, a Miocene species, for type. 

 C. E. Boettger proposed ^* a section Apula under Hygromia for 



1 Man. Conch., ser. ii, xxiv, 1917, p. 225. 



2 Ber. Senck. Naturf. Ges., 1890, p. 224. 

 ^ Man. Conch., ser. ii, xxiv, 1917. p. 225. 

 * Mitt. Kauk. Mus. Tiflis, vi, p. 268. 



■'■' Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. vi, xvi, p. 155. 



« Nachr.-Bl. D. Malak. Ges., 1915, p. 55. 



■^ Vidensk. Medd. Dansk. Naturh. Foren., Ixix, 1917, p. 1. 



8 Proc. Malac. Soc, xiv, 1920, p. 6. 



9 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1900, p. 564. 



" Nachr.-Bl. D. Malak. Ges., 1918, pp. 103, 104, 109. 



11 lb., 1907, p. 76. 



12 Fauna Pal. Binn. Conch., i, 1889, p. 18. 



13 Nachr.-Bl. D. Malak. Ges., 1918, p. 119. 

 1^ lb., 1909, p. 15. 



